蒙药塔日奴炮制前后物质基础变化及功效改变的相关性研究

Mongolian medicine processing has a long history and the processing method has ethnic characterstics and its own unique.For example, its processing methods includes such as cooking with wine, cooking with milk,Mynolalan soup cooking method, Licorine soup cooking method, boy's urine brewing method, mutton soup cooking method, et al.Through the processing, to achieve the goal of changing the herbal nature of mongolian medicine, reducing and eliminating the toxity, improving efficacy ,facilitating and regulation of preparation ,conducing to storage and use of mongolian medicine.With the development of modern research of mongolian medicine, there has been increased awareness of importance of exploring of scientific connotation of processing of mongolian medicine. Mongolian medicine Tarinu (Enphorbinebracteolata Hagatu) is one of the toxic herbs which commonly used in mongolian clinical treatment. The cooking with wine, cooking with milk, Mynolalan soup cooking method are its main three kinds of processing method. Owing to the present situation of lacking of experimental study of principle of peocessing of mongolian medicine,in this subject, firstly, the anti-rhematic and anti-tumor model are used to select the optimum method of processing. Secondly, the serum pharmaceutical chemistry, pharmacology, chemical statistics, chromatogrophy and its associated technology such as HPLC-MS/MS,UPLC Q-TOF MS will be used to study the effects of processing of Tarinu on both the change of material basis and efficacy of medicine. The reserch efforts will result in a theoritical attempt to explore the scientific connotation of processing of the herb, and play an important role in further standization and modernization of mongolian medicine.

蒙药炮制历史悠久，炮制方法富有民族特色，有自己的独到之处。比如传统蒙药的炮制法有：酒煮法、奶煮法、诃子汤煮法、甘草汤煮法、童子尿煮法、羊肉汤煮法等。通过蒙药的炮制，达到改变蒙药药性，降低或消除蒙药毒性，提高疗效，便于调剂和制剂，利于贮藏和服用之目的。随着蒙药现代化研究的深入，人们对蒙药炮制原理重要性的认识日益加深。蒙药塔日奴（月腺大戟）为蒙医临床上常用毒性药材之一，其炮制方法主要有酒煮法、奶煮法、诃子汤煮法三种。本课题以蒙药材塔日奴为研究对象，首先，采用抗风湿及抗肿瘤药理模型，对其三种炮制方法进行优选，确认塔日奴最佳炮制方法。其次，综合运用血清药物化学、药理学、化学统计学和色谱及其联用技术，研究炮制对蒙药塔日奴药效物质基础改变和功效改变的影响。旨在深度解析蒙药塔日奴的炮制原理及其科学内涵。本课题成果将对蒙药炮制的进一步规范化及蒙药的标准化具有重要意义。

（1）本研究对蒙药塔日奴分别用白酒炮制法、牛奶炮制法、诃子汤炮制法、米醋炮制法和酸奶炮制法炮制得到5种不同炮制品。分别应用原子荧光法和原子吸收分光光度法测定5种炮制品的重金属元素和微量元素的含量;.（2）本研究建立了来自11个不同地区蒙药材塔日奴的色谱指纹图谱，建立了塔日奴及炮制品中两种指标成分（狼毒乙素和岩大戟内酯B）的HPLC含量测定方法。研究结果对蒙药塔日奴药材的质量控制具有应用价值；.（3）利用HPLC以及HPLC-MS-MS技术对塔日奴炮制前后的HPLC指纹图谱以及成分变化进行了比较研究。发现，蒙药酸奶炮制方法是一种提高塔日奴有效成分溶出度的有效方法之一。该研究成果已经申报发明专利（公开号CN103877143A）;.（4）课题组对塔日奴化学成分进行LC/MSn分析，鉴定出7个化合物，本研究还对蒙药塔日奴中狼毒乙素和岩大戟内酯B的裂解规律进行了研究。研究结果对塔日奴中化学成分的进一步深入研究具有一定的指导意义；.（5）采用气相色谱-质谱（GC-MS）联用技术对塔日奴（月腺大戟）和瑞香狼毒的挥发油成分进行分析和比较。塔日奴不同炮制品中挥发性成分差别较大;.（6）对蒙药塔日奴及其5种炮制品的抗氧化作用进行了比较研究。实验结果表明，塔日奴不同炮制方法对其抗氧化能力产生不同程度的影响。.本研究对解析蒙药塔日奴的炮制的科学原理以及塔日奴炮制方法的进一步规范化提供实验依据。