环境—行为互动视角下海滨旅游度假区环境恢复性的影响机制研究：以三亚市亚龙湾和大东海为例

Restorativeness is the qualities that a specific environment has in helping human beings recover from stress and fatigue, and regain the basic capabilities for work and daily life. Restorativeness has therefore become a recent hot topic in both human-nature and environment-behavior studies. However, the existing literature has paid very little attention to the factors that may potentially influence the restorativeness of an environment and let alone the mechanisms in such influence processes. Besides, the restorativeness of coastal resort as a special type of environment and consumption space has rarely been researched. Therefore, this research program, following human geography’s tradition of studying human-nature relations and its approach of focusing on the meanings of space (placing), aims to measure the restorativeness of coastal resorts; indentify the influencing factors in the formation of their restorativeness from the following two aspects: human-nature interaction factors and tourist & social factors; and eventually explain the mechanism of how these factors influence each other and the restorativeness of coastal resorts in terms of the following three types: mechanism with mediation, mechanism without mediation, and mechanism among dimensional factors of restorativeness. The research program takes Yalong Bay and Dadonghai, two typical coastal resorts in Sanya, China’s most successful coastal city, as study areas. Data collection will be completed by questionnaire survey aiming at vacation-takers in the two study areas. Multiple statistical methods, such as the Structural Equation Model, will be used. This research program is believed to be able to enrich existing theoretical literature on human-nature relations in the setting of tourist resorts and will contribute to the regulations of the restorativeness of tourist resorts and the corresponding resort planning, designing, management and service.

环境恢复性是指环境所具备的使人们从压力、疲劳中恢复并重新获得能够满足日常生活与工作所需要能力的特性。目前，有关环境恢复性的影响因素及影响机制的研究较为欠缺，鲜见对旅游度假区等特殊环境的恢复性的实地研究。本项目基于人文地理学研究人地互动的传统及研究空间意义(地方)的取向，从环境—行为互动视角出发，以三亚市亚龙湾和大东海这两个典型的海滨旅游度假区为案例地展开实地研究。本项目通过问卷调查收集数据，从度假旅游者感知角度对海滨旅游度假区的环境恢复性进行实证测量；从环境本身与人地互动因素、旅游者自身与社会因素两个方面识别环境恢复性的影响因素；并通过结构方程模型和其他数理统计方法，从中介效应机制、无中介效应机制和各维度间关系机制等三个方面识别环境恢复性的影响机制。本项目将丰富人文地理学对旅游度假区人地关系过程与机制的理论研究；对旅游度假区环境恢复性的调控以及旅游度假区的规划设计、管理与服务有实践意义。

环境恢复性是指环境所具备的使人们从压力、疲劳中恢复并重新获得能够满足日常生活与工作所需要能力的特性。本项目基于人文地理学研究人地互动的传统及研究空间意义（地方）的取向，从环境—行为互动视角出发，以三亚市亚龙湾和大东海这两个典型的海滨旅游度假区为案例地展开实地研究。本项目综合运用通过问卷调查收集的一手数据和度假区及客源地的气候、空气质量等二手数据，从度假游客感知角度对海滨旅游度假区的环境恢复性进行了实证测量；从环境本身与人地互动因素、旅游者自身与社会因素两个方面识别了环境恢复性的影响因素；并通过结构方程模型和其他数理统计方法，从中介效应机制、无中介效应机制等方面识别了环境恢复性的影响机制。主要研究发现/结果如下：（1）海滨旅游度假区环境恢复性包含兼容、迷恋、物理远离、心理逃离、程度等5个结构维度。项目开发并验证的测量量表（包含上述5个维度和26个测量项目）具备良好的信度和效度。（2）海滨旅游度假区环境恢复性的潜在影响因素包括：环境满意度、气候满意度和相对空气质量。（3）环境满意度和气候满意度均正向地影响度假游客环境恢复性感知的5个维度。（4）客源地与度假区（所在目的地）的相对气温会影响度假游客对度假区气候舒适度（温湿指数、风效指数）的评价。客源地与度假区（所在目的地）的相对空气质量指数（Relative Air Quality Index）会影响度假游客对度假区兼容维度、物理远离维度和心理逃离维度的评价。通过以上主要研究发现，本项目丰富了人文地理学对旅游度假区人地关系过程与机制的理论研究；对旅游度假区环境恢复性的调控以及旅游度假区的规划设计、管理与服务有一定的实践指导价值。