面向城市更新的一体化交通影响分析方法

City renewal is an important project for current urban development. Different from new development, update region itself and surrounding have buildings and traffic facilities, so it can impact on traffic system inevitably, and must be effectively managed. Traffic impact analysis is an important technical step of urban planning and construction management, but currently there are many shortcomings to apply to urban redevelopment. .Based on land use and traffic characteristics of city renewal, the research improve the method of traffic impact analysis. after horizontal integration the surrounding land and transport facilities adjustment，and longitudinal integration analysis of traffic impacts at each stage, form an integrated analysis method to evaluate the traffic impact of the four stage: the pre inspection in planning stage- pre assessment in location stage- evaluation in construction stage-post evaluation after construction stage. First, after discussion the focus of traffic impact analysis for each stage, put forward the content and indictors for city renewal, and set up a multilevel analysis and evaluation index system and influence evaluation method including motor traffic, slow traffic and public transport. Then, reform key technique in preparation work of traffic impact analysis for urban renewal, including the suitable starting threshold setting method, the reasonable method of determining impact area and so on. At the end, establish simulation platform and apply examples to do analysis. The purpose is to systematic control the traffic impact of urban renewal so as to reduce the negative impact and optimize the urban space as well as alleviate the traffic congestion.

城市更新是当前城市发展的重要课题，不同于新开发，更新区域本身和周边已有较多建筑和交通设施等，用地调整必然会对交通系统产生影响，须进行有效管理。虽然进行交通影响分析已是城乡规划和建设管理的重要技术环节，但该方法体系用于城市更新还存在较多不足。.结合城市更新特点，对现有交通影响分析方法进行改进，横向一体化考虑周边用地和交通设施调整，纵向一体化递进式分析各阶段的交通影响，探究规划阶段预检验-选址阶段预评估-报建阶段评估-建成的后评估四步一体的交通影响分析方法。首先探讨城市更新各阶段交通影响分析重点，形成含机动交通、慢行交通和公共交通的多层多元分析和评价指标体系以及影响程度评价方法；然后对准备工作中的关键技术进行改革，提出适用城市更新的启动阈值制定方法、影响范围确定方法等；最后构建仿真平台并进行实例分析。旨在将城市更新对交通的影响逐层进行全面系统管控以减少负面影响、优化城市空间、缓解交通拥挤。

本课题针对城市更新背景下的交通影响分析方法进行研究。结合城市更新特点，总结中国现有交通影响评价体系的不足，运用系统管理方法提出预检—交通预评估—交通评估—交通后评估四步一体的全周期交通影响分析流程。提出了交通影响分析工作启动阈值、影响范围的确定方法，探究了用地与出行活动间的关系，建立了动静态交通需求预测模型；从建设项目规划、选址、报建、建成后四个阶段后分别提出交通影响分析评价指标以及改善建议，包括公共交通影响评价指标、慢行交通、地块出入口位置的评价指标以及交叉口管控优化方案等；最后用国内外案例来验证了本研究方法的可行性，一方面基于美国马里兰的一体化交通综合模型进行交通影响分析方法展示和案例分析；另一方面基于VISUM和VISSIM仿真软件以昆山市黑龙江站为实例建立了简易的国内一体化分析模型，分析评价其交通影响，给出了改善建议。本研究优化和完善了交通影响分析体系，有利于加强对城市更新项目的精细化交通管理、缓解当前的交通拥挤等问题、促进城市空间的可持续再生。