量子操控的若干理论研究

Quantum steering provides a subtle depiction of Einstein, Podolsky and Rosen (EPR) nonlocality, which lies at intermediate between quantum entanglement and Bell non-locality. In this project, we will offers extensive studies on a few key theoretical problems on quantum steering and associated applications. This includes developing operational criteria for certifying steering, revealing its close connection with quantum uncertainty relations. Then we will try to figure out highly effective methods for signifying genuine multipartite steering. To cope with experimental and practical scenario, we will develop methods and schemes for detecting bipartite and genuine multipartite steering in a cost-effective manner. By combining quantum steering, we also aim to design scheme for measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution when one of sources is untrusted. With the help of quantum game theory, we will construct scheme for verification of genuine multipartite steering in a measurement-device-independent way. Based on existing results and by developing new methods, we would focus on solving these important scientific problems ranging from theoretical studies to potential application scenarios. Our efforts are expected to achieve novel results for revealing properties of quantum steering, and its applications in quantum communication. At the meantime, these progress helps to enrich and push forward our understanding of quantum nonlocality, and fundamental quantum mechanics.

量子操控(quantum steering)是对介于量子纠缠和Bell非定域性之间的EPR(Einstein, Podolsky and Rosen)非定域性的描述。我们将对量子操控的若干关键理论问题开展研究。研究任意两体量子态的可操作的操控判据。研究其与量子不确定关系的深刻联系。在此基础上，发展多粒子复合体系的高效探测方案。与实验以及应用相联系，还将着重研究如何在以尽可能少的实验资源消耗来有效探测两体和真正的多体量子操控的方法和手段。进一步结合和发展量子操控理论，探讨在现实条件下以单边具有不可信光源时进行与测量设备独立无关的量子通信方案。结合量子博弈论，探讨多体量子操控的与测量设备独立无关的验证方案。我们期待在前人结果的基础上，通过对从基本理论到现实应用的一系列关键问题研究，建立起对于量子操控的性质刻画和探测的新手段，探索和挖掘量子通信的新颖方案，丰富和推动我们对于量子力学的认识和应用。

量子操控是介于量子纠缠与非定域性之间一种独特而奇妙的量子关联，也是量子信息技术的重要资源。在项目执行期间，我们按照预定计划，围绕量子操控的若干理论问题开展了一系列研究工作，并取得了预期成果。我们深入发展和运用量子非定域性的刻画，与量子纠缠的深刻联系等多个角度，给出了量子操控的刻画，实验室的实用化探测方法等。发展了如何选取合适的量子可观测量进行量子操控探测的最优方法；发现了新型的线性准则，可以很有效地探测任意高维系统的量子操控特征。在此基础上，还设计了单边不可信的测量设备无关量子密钥分发协议；通过扩展量子博弈理论，设计方案并实验验证了纠缠非破坏量子信道的探测等。这些结果给出了两体和多体任意高维量子态的量子操控特征，丰富了前人对于量子操控的性质刻画和探测的新手段，并进而设计出了量子通信,量子网络以及量子信道性质验证的新颖方案。不仅有助于深化我们对于量子力学，量子非定域性的基本物理认识，还有望推动人们充分利用其奇妙特征，进行新颖高效的安全通信和量子信息处理任务。