基于QUEFTS模型的水稻养分吸收特征与推荐施肥方法研究

Low nutrient use efficiency caused by over and imbalanced fertilization, and impossibility of soil test based fertilizer recommendation for small farmers caused by not timely drive the great need to establish a methodology of fertilizer recommendation based on QUEFTS model and crop yield response for rice. In this study, we are to use QUEFTS model to analyze multiple-year-site data to declare the relationship between grain yield and nutrient uptake to obtain the balanced nutrient uptake parameters, and to analyze yield response, agronomic efficiency, and soil indigenous nutrient supplies in different regions and different planting types. On the basis, principles and methodology of fertilizer recommendation based on yield response and agronomic efficiency will be established, and field validation will be conducted to further test and improve this fertilizer recommendation. The fruits from this study would be of great signifance for development of a new fertilizer recommendation method to improve nutrient use efficiency for high yield and high efficient fertilization for rice in China.

针对当前水稻生产中肥料过量和不合理施用带来的肥料利用率低的现状，以及我国小农户经营不可能做到一家一户测土施肥, 作物种植茬口紧来不及测土施肥等问题, 研究基于QUEFTS模型的水稻养分吸收特征参数以及基于作物产量反应的水稻推荐施肥方法。本项目以多年多点的水稻试验数据为基础，通过QUEFTS模型分析，研究我国不同水稻种植区水稻养分吸收特征参数，同时结合田间小区试验，分析不同区域及不同生育类型水稻产量反应、农学效率和土壤基础养分供应特征。在此基础上，建立基于产量反应和农学效率的水稻推荐施肥方法，并通过田间验证对水稻推荐施肥参数和模型进行校正和改进。研究成果对于发展水稻新的推荐施肥方法, 指导我国水稻高产高效施肥, 提高肥料利用率具有重要理论意义和应用价值。

针对当前农业生产中因过量施肥带来的肥料利用率低的问题，本项目开展了基于产量反应和农学效率的水稻高效施肥方法。本项目以多年多点试验数据为基础，采用田间小区试验和QUEFTS模型相结合方法，研究我国水稻主产区养分吸收特征参数，包括土壤基础养分供应、产量反应和农学效率特征，研究建立了基于产量反应和农学效率的推荐施肥方法。研究成果对于指导我国水稻养分管理和高效施肥具有重要科学价值和应用前景。