环境保护与高产高效多目标并重的推荐施肥方法研究

Based on field experiments, the method of fertilization recommendation under the condition of environmental protection, high yield and high economic benefit was study by using optimizal fertilization response model and soil and plant rapid testing. The results show that, linear + plateau and quadratic + plateau models better describe the response of crop yield to N fertilizer, therefore cause better economic and environmental effects. It is difficult to harmonize the relationships among yield effect, quality effect and environmental effect of N fertilization under the condition of nowdays chinese cabbage production system, thus the relationship between N fertilization and irrigation in this production should be paied more attention. An optimized N fertilization recommendation method using optimized fertilization model combined with soil Nmin testing has been established in this project, to control the total amount of N fertilizer application and the distribution of N fertilizer at different growth stages of winter wheat as well as summer maize. The experimental results indicate that both of the crop yield effect and environmental effect of N fertilization have been given consideration in this method.

利用国际上先进的风洞法和离子交换树脂柱技术，田间原位定量不同施氮量下氮肥的氨挥发、氧化亚氮损失和硝酸盐淋失损失，建立作物产量、经济效益及环境因子与施氮量关系的模拟模型。采用运筹学中多目标最优化技术确定环境保护和高产高效多目并重的最适施氮量，建立符合农业可持续发展要求的推荐施肥方法。.