Stem cells replantation gives a new pathway to treat sensorineural hearing loss. Because embryonic stem cells(ESCs) cell-based therapy is complicated by immunerejection and ethical problems,induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSCs) is more suitable in clinical application. The survival and differentiation of stem cells is closely related with some neurotrophic factors in cochlear micro-environment. In our primary experiment in vivo and in vitro, we found the low concentrations of ouabain mainly damaged SGNs; however, high doses destroyed both SGNs and cochlear HCs. Different dose ouabain induced different injured models, which had different cochlear micro-environment. To date, there are not literature reports about human iPSCs(hiPSCs)-induced mechanosensitive hair cell-like cells or the capacity of hiPSCs-derived neurons to form synaptic contacts with cochlear hair cells. Likewise, there are not research about the correlation between the survival and differentiation of hiPSCs-derived neural progenitors and different cochlear micro-environment in vitro and in vivo. On this basis, we firstly induce the hiPSCs in vitro into Otic epithelia progenitors(OEPs)and Otic neural progenitors(ONPs),then induce OEPs and ONPs into hair cell-like cells and neurons. Secondly, we coculture hiPSCs-derived ONPs with a cochlear explants treated by different dose of ouabain in vitro and transplant the ONPs into the cochlear modiolus of deaf rat treated by different dose of ouabain in vivo, then explore the correlation between the survival and differentiation of ONPs and different cochlear micro-environment and the capacity of hiPSCs-derived neurons to form synaptic contacts with cochlear hair cells in vitro and in vivo. Meanwhile, we explore the influence to auditory function and cochlear structure of normal and deaf rat following transplantation . We expect we can get some significative experimental data for stem cell-based cell therapies.
干细胞植入为感音神经性耳聋治疗提供了新方法。因胚胎干细胞(ESCs)面临免疫排斥及伦理问题,诱导多能性干细胞(iPSCs)更适合临床应用。耳蜗微环境有和干细胞分化相关的各种神经营养因子。已发现不同浓度乌本苷可造成不同损伤模式的耳聋模型,其耳蜗微环境也不同。目前无人iPSCs体外诱导出毛细胞或者诱导出的神经细胞与毛细胞建立突触联系的报道;也无不同耳蜗微环境与人iPSCs的神经前体细胞存活分化关系的体外及在体研究。因此,我们首先将构建的人iPSCs诱导为内耳上皮前体细胞(OEPs)及神经前体细胞(ONPs),再分化为毛细胞及神经细胞;然后将ONPs和不同损伤模式的耳蜗器官体外共培养并将ONPs通过蜗轴注射植入到不同损伤模式的大鼠耳蜗,检测不同耳蜗微环境对ONPs体外及体内存活分化的影响及神经细胞与耳蜗毛细胞建立的突触联系和受体动物听功能及耳蜗结构的改变,为进一步探讨干细胞植入的研究提供依据。
干细胞耳蜗植入有望实现毛细胞(HCs)、螺旋神经节细胞(SGNs)的再生修复,从而重建听力。诱导多能干细胞(iPSCs)可作为细胞治疗的供体,已在多个领域产生极好效果。目前无人 iPSCs 在体外诱导出HCs样细胞或者诱导出的神经细胞与耳蜗HCs建立突触联系的文献报道,也无人 iPSCs 诱导的前体细胞耳蜗植入到耳聋动物模型的研究报道。本课题拟建立稳定有效的人 iPSCs 向HCs或SGNs分化的实验体系,并构建携带抗凋亡基因的慢病毒(Lv/EGFP/Bcl-2),将其感染iPSCs,了解细胞Bcl-2及相关神经营养因子及生长因子的表达;构建不同损伤模式的动物模型,探讨人 iPSCs 来源的上皮祖细胞(OEPs)或耳神经祖细胞(ONPs)植入到不同损伤模式动物耳蜗后,细胞存活、分化、存活细胞与自身SGNs或HCs的关系及受体动物耳蜗功能的改变情况。.课题组已完成尿液来源的正常人iPSCs的构建,在将小鼠内耳多能细胞成功诱导分化为功能性HCs样细胞的基础上,在体外成功地将人iPSCs诱导分化为OEPs和ONPs,并定向分化为HCs样细胞和SGNs样细胞,且分化后的HCs样细胞不仅可以与小鼠SGNs而且也可以和诱导分化的SGNs细胞样细胞建立突触连接;通过在ECM(细胞外基质)/PLLA NF(聚乳酸纳米纤维)表面种植干细胞,诱导细胞黏附,支持细胞增殖并促进细胞早期的分化;构建Lv/EGFP/Bcl-2,验证了过表达Bcl-2的人iPSCs的存活、拟胚体形成、神经元的分化能力均不受影响,其诱导分化的神经元中BDNF、NT3水平显著提高,而NGF的表达水平无明显改变;将人iPSCs来源的ONPs经耳蜗中轴注射到SGNs损伤的鼠模型耳蜗中,移植后7d,发现干细胞能在耳蜗中轴存活,并见部分细胞RC区域迁移,部分表达神经元TUJ1阳性标志,证实干细胞耳蜗中轴植入方式有望替代缺失的SGNs;将人iPSCs来源的OEPs通过圆窗途径移植到HCs损伤鼠模型耳蜗中,四周后发现有部分细胞可以转移到耳蜗蜗管并整合到HCs缺失部位且转化为HCs,并与自身SGNs建立了突触联系,但细胞移植后上述两种损伤模型动物的听觉阈值没有发生改善。.本课题的研究成果,为以后进一步开展干细胞及基因耳蜗注射治疗感音神经性耳聋的实验研究提供了必要数据和实验基础。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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