弱制度情境下企业海外创新生态系统构建、制度战略与整合创新机制研究

​In recent years, multi-national enterprises (MNEs) from emerging economies, represented by China, have been increasingly developing and conducting overseas R&D activities in other emerging economies along the “One Belt One Road” countries. How to deal with the host country’s dual complexity of institutional environment and technological environment, and how to conduct integrated innovation based on the advantages of home country technology and the huge markets, which is the weaknesses of theoretical literature of R&D internationalization at present. The project aims to introduce the theories of innovation ecosystem, institutional theory, organizational legitimacy and global learning, and related quantitative methods, aiming to expand the theory of exploitation-oriented R&D internationalization. Firstly, this research is to explore the enterprises’ process mechanism of building overseas innovation ecosystem under the weak institution of host country; Secondly, to analyze the influence mechanism of the host system environment complexity on the internationalization of enterprise R&D, discussing the institutional strategy of the enterprises, and the mechanism of both internal and external legitimacy; Moreover, to explore the innovation linkage mechanism and integrated innovation mechanisms between home country and host country from the perspective of overseas search and global learning to deal with the technical environment complexity; Finally, taking consideration of the influence of multi-dimensional heterogeneity, the above theories and methods will be applied for empirical study in a number of typical industries in China. Based on this, the study will put forward the management mechanism and policy implication for Chinese MNEs’ implementation of exploitation-oriented R&D internationalization and promoting the domestic innovation capacity.

近年来以中国为代表的新兴经济体企业，在以“一带一路”沿线国为代表的其它新兴经济体进行“开发利用”型海外研发活动不断涌现。如何应对东道国制度环境、技术环境双重复杂性，并基于母国技术和市场等优势进行整合创新，这是研发国际化理论文献的薄弱之处。本项目拟引入创新生态系统、制度理论、组织合法性和全球学习等理论和相关计量分析方法，旨在拓展“开发利用型”研发国际化理论。首先，探讨东道国弱制度情境下企业构建海外创新生态系统的过程机理；其次，分析东道国制度环境复杂性对企业研发国际化的影响机制，探析企业的制度战略，剖析内外部双重合法性生成机理；再次，从海外搜索和全球学习的视角，研究母国和东道国创新链接机理和整合创新机制，以应对技术环境复杂性；最后，考虑多维度异质性因素的影响，将上述理论与方法应用到若干典型产业领域进行实证，基于此提出中国企业实施开发利用型研发国际化、促进本土创新能力提升的管理机制和政策。

在科技全球化、中国本土创新能力不断提升的背景下，近年来以中国为代表的新兴经济体跨国企业加速在其它新兴经济体开展海外创新相关的活动。面对东道国制度与技术环境的复杂性中国企业应当采用什么样的海外研发战略以构建海外创新生态系统，如何选择制度战略和全球整合创新战略以应对外部环境的挑战等问题值得探索。本项目从以下几方面解决相关的理论与实践问题：第一， 探讨在东道国弱制度环境下新兴经济体企业构建自身为核心的海外创新生态系统的过程机理；第二，分析海外制度环境复杂性、制度套利/规避与核心企业制度战略问题；第三，新兴经济体企业海外创新生态系统的组织合法性生成机理。第四，子母公司“地理-组织-知识”三维链接机制和全球协同/整合创新机理研究。第五，异质性对新兴经济体企业开发利用型研发国际化绩效的影响机制等。本项目取得重要成果：在Journal of World Business (3篇)、Journal of Business Research（3篇）、International Marketing Review、Journal of International Management等SSCI主流期刊和《管理世界》、《科研管理》、《科学学研究》、《管理评论》、《研究与发展管理》等CSSCI期刊发表论文27篇(其中NSFC管理学部重点期刊9篇)；出版学术专著1部；向时任全国人大常委会主任在内的国家领导人和省部级及以上领导输出政策报告9项；组织/承办了高水平学术会议8场；培养国家万人计划哲学社科领军人才1名、国家万人计划青年拔尖人才1名，培育博士生5名、硕士生8名。本研究结合制度战略、技术创新战略等深入探讨新兴经济体情境下的研发国际化管理模式，有利于创造和丰富以中国为代表的新兴经济体企业研发国际化的新知识。推动和完善“从新兴经济体到新兴经济体”之间的“开发利用型”研发国际化的理论体系。从创新生态系统理论的新视角来拓展研发国际化理论也丰富了创新生态系统相关的理论体系。