太行山区古村落传统水环境设施特色及其再生研究

The traditional water environment facilities of Ancient Villages refers to the design and construction before the Republic of China, with using local construction techniques and construction materials to build the sum of water storage, water supply and drainage facilities, such as river, lake, pond, ditch, wells, pits, springs, pool etc. for the objective of adapting to the production and living needs of agricultural society. Most areas of Taihang Mt. Area are arid, and at the same time there are many types of rich water facilities which rooted in the geographical environment with a distinctive value characteristics. However, most traditional water environment facilities currently facing the problems of being abandoned, aging, and destroyed with urbanization and the vigorous improvement of rural living environment. This research aims at getting fully analysis of the construction wisdom of traditional water environment facilities rooted in the geographical environment, combing the concept and technology of Green Infrastructure, with improving the village living environment and updating the water environment facilities with the ecological and low-tech means. The research contents are as follows: Analyzing the symbiosis mechanism of the traditional water-environment and the ancient villages in Taihang Mt. Area, revealing the systematic features and operation principle of traditional water-environment facilities using computer simulation, building the comprehensive evaluation model of traditional water-environment facilities. Providing a quantitative standard and series research results such as regeneration guideline for its regeneration.

古村落的传统水环境设施是指在民国以前设计建造，适应特定农耕社会的生产生活需要，运用当地乡土材料和建造技艺建设的集水、蓄水、用水、排水等各类设施的总和，如河、湖、塘、渠、井、窖、泉、池等。太行山区大部分区域干旱缺水，古村落里存在着大量类型丰富的水环境设施，它们根植于地域环境，有着鲜明的价值特色。但随着城镇化和农村人居环境改善的大力推进，很多传统水环境设施面临被弃置、老化、破坏的困境。本研究旨在深入挖掘这一地区古村落根植于地域环境下的水环境设施的营建智慧，结合现代绿色基础设施的理念与技术，以生态、低技术手段解决水环境设施的有机更新及村落人居环境的系统改善。研究具体内容包括：剖析太行山区古村落水环境与村落的共生机制；运用计算机模拟技术揭示太行山区古村落传统水环境设施的系统特色和运作原理；构建太行山区古村落传统水环境设施综合评价模型；制定传统水环境设施活化再生的规划策略和技术导则等。

研究背景：古村落的传统水环境设施是指在民国以前设计建造，适应特定农耕社会的生产生活需要，运用当地乡土材料和建造技艺建设的集水、蓄水、用水、排水等各类设施的总和，如河、湖、 塘、渠、井、窖、泉、池等。太行山区大部分区域干旱缺水，古村落里存在着大量类型丰富的水环境设施，它们根植于地域环境，有着鲜明的价值特色。但随着城镇化和农村人居环境改善的大力推进，很多传统水环境设施面临被弃置、老化、破坏的困境。在现代化进程中这些设施何去何从，是一个迫切需要审慎对待的科学问题。 .本研究主要内容：剖析太行山区古村落水环境与村落的共生机制，探讨基于人水共生的太行山区古村落整体营构特征；通过大量的调研实测，从“技术-艺术”双重角度归纳太行山区古村落传统水环境设施的营建特色；构建基于“现状环境评价——再生目标评判——综合价值评估——再生潜力分析”太行山区古村落传统水环境设施综合评价模型；结合评价结果和现实条件，制定传统水环境设施活化再生的规划策略和技术导则。.重要结果：课题组先后共5次深入太行山区的三省一市13个地级市（区）共73个古村落进行调研踏勘，查宗谱、办访谈、搞测绘，搜集了不同区位、不同类型古村落传统水环境设施的类型、分布、营建技艺和工作原理，归纳其低技生态智慧，并进行科学评估，提出再生的规划和技术导则。完成详实调研报告1册，完成专著初稿1部，发表学术论文12篇，指导研究生完成本课题相关学位论文5篇。.关键数据及其科学意义：研究的科学意义在于深入挖掘这一地区根植于地域环境下的水环境设施的营建智慧，结合现代绿色基础设施理念与技术，以生态、低技术手段解决水环境设施的有机更新及村落人居环境的系统改善，在水资源日益短缺的、人居环境日益恶化的太行山区，走绿色、生态、低成本、低影响开发的水环境设施改善道路，其研究思路与成果对其他缺水地区或偏远型村落水环境设施更新改造提供借鉴和启示。