基于高低势位隔离的输变电设备监测传感器实时能量供给关键问题研究

With the continuous development of smart grid, the application of high voltage power perception is becoming more and more widespread. In order to ensure the long-term stable and effective work of the sensor network, and reduce the burden and cost of maintenance work, the problems of real-time power supply for multi sensor nodes need to be solved urgently. Aiming at solving the problems of current sensor energy supply technology, such as high environmental influence, poor reliability, difficult initial energy acquisition, and poor insulation of power supply, a real-time energy supply for monitoring sensors based on the high and low potential isolation is proposed. The precise model of magnetoelectric transformation of real-time line energy acquisition is studied, and the new energy harvesting structure with composite cores is explored, which can achieve great performances of enduring line current fluctuation, low startup and high saturation. From the perspective of further enhancing the wireless power transfer(WPT) distance and the receiving power level of loads, the mechanism of WPT under high loosely coupled conditions and its targeted optimization methods are studied, where the problem of parameters compatibility allocation of fusion system consisted of multilevel class E inverters and WPT system would be solved. On this basis, taking the changes of sensor impedance and cross coupling between nodes and off-line or reconfiguration, an optimal design method of dynamic impedance matching window and an integrated control strategy including balanced energy supply for multi-nodes and optimal frequency stability are proposed. The research of this project will provide a new solution for the reliable power supply of the power sensor network.

随着智能电网的不断发展，高压电力感知的应用日益广泛。为了保证传感网能够长期稳定有效工作，同时降低检修的强度与成本，多传感节点实时供电问题亟待解决。本项目针对当前传感器供电技术受环境影响大、可靠性差、初始能源获取难度高、高低势位间供电绝缘性差等问题，提出了一种基于高低势位隔离的监测传感器实时能量供给方法。通过研究实时线路取能的磁电变换精确模型并探索新型复合磁芯取能结构，可同时兼容线路电流波动、低启动、高饱和等特性；从进一步提升无线传输距离与负载能量接收水平的角度，研究高度松散耦合条件下无线供能传输规律及其针对性优化方法，解决多电平E类-无线融合系统的参数兼容性配置问题。在此基础上，考虑传感器阻抗变化、节点间交叉耦合影响以及离线或重组等动态充电过程，提出动态阻抗匹配窗口优化设计方法以及多节点均衡能量供给与最优频率稳定的综合控制策略。本项目的研究将为电力传感网的可靠供电提供新的解决思路。

课题针对高压杆塔侧的传感器供电技术受环境影响大、可靠性差、初始能源获取难度高、高低势位间供电绝缘性差等问题，提出了一种考虑高低势位隔离的监测传感器在线能量供给方法。通过建立单绕组实时线路取能的磁电变换分析模型，得到了影响取能外特性的本体参数优化配置方法，在此基础上提出了采用本征属性不同的复合磁芯优化拓扑，拓宽了耐一次电流波动的有效工作区间。通过建立磁谐振无线电能传输电磁场路模型与数值运算模型，得到了不同传输拓扑下单、双中继线圈的传输特性规律，并针对E类逆变器与无线电能传输系统的参数配置兼容性问题，探讨了不同线圈模式下的线圈参数、品质因数、耦合系数等关键参数的影响特性，揭示了E类-无线电能传输融合系统的参数配置约束条件。对110kV杆塔及其配套绝缘设备进行了三维等比例建模，验证了中继系统引入的可行性并探讨了中继系统的最佳引入位置。在杆塔侧，通过研究多接收线圈均衡能量供给与最优频率稳定控制策略，实现了多负载能量的有效分配。本课题的研究不仅解决了无线电能传输技术在中距离、多负载条件下的关键瓶颈问题，还可以为高压监测传感器在应用拓展方面所面临的可靠供电问题提供重要解决思路。