双壁荧光有序纳米阵列印迹膜可控合成及其高效分离提取盐湖卤水中锂离子的应用基础研究

The lithium resource is rich in the saline bittern water in China. But the saline bittern water also contains abundant magnesium ion，which can influence the extraction of lithium ion. By combining the advantages of surface ionic imprinting technique, controlled polymerization, membrane separation technology, rare earth fluorescent, a new method will be obtained and used to study the inner mechanism of determination of lithium carbonate from saline brine, which based on the recognition effects of fluorescence probe and ionic imprinted membranes. In this work, the double-wall fluorescent ordered array imprinted membrane will be designed and controlling synthesized. The target lithium carbonate will be recognized and extraction of lithium carbonate from saline brine synchronous by the fluorescence characteristics and specific adsorption of as-prepared composites. Then the as-prepared adsorbed antibiotic will be simply separated from the membrane for the regeneration. By using the advanced characterization,the physical and chemical properties of as-prepared membrane will be investigated, and the equilibrium, kinetics and thermodynamics laws will be discussed in detail. Finally, the method for the selective separation and extraction of lithium carbonate will be obtained and applied to the fast and efficient extraction of lithium carbonate from saline brine.

我国盐湖卤水中蕴含着十分丰富的金属锂资源。盐湖卤水中的锂是与大量的镁等离子共存的，而高的镁锂比值增大了利用盐湖卤水资源生产锂盐的难度。本课题拟集成分子印迹、可控聚合、膜分离、稀土荧光配合物的优点，寻求构建荧光识别与离子印迹膜选择性分离提取盐湖卤水中锂离子的新方法及分析其内在分离机理；设计、可控制备双壁荧光有序纳米阵列印迹膜材料；利用荧光有序纳米阵列印迹膜基质的荧光特性和印迹聚合层的特异性吸附作用，实现对锂离子的“绑定”和同步定量测定，利用膜分离优势，将饱和吸附的印迹材料迅速分离；运用先进的表征手段，阐述双壁荧光有序纳米阵列印迹膜的物理、化学特性，解释印迹聚合和选择性分离过程中的平衡、动力学、热力学性质；分析分离机理，为实现复杂基质的盐湖卤水中锂离子的快速和高效分离提取提供全面的理论基础。

我国盐湖卤水中蕴含着十分丰富的金属锂资源，是提取锂资源的重要来源。本课题集成分子印迹、可控聚合、膜分离、稀土荧光配合物的优点，设计、制备了离子筛膜、冠醚系离子印迹膜、荧光印迹膜和双模板导向离子印迹介孔双层膜，制备的二氧化硅无机改性离子印迹膜最大的选择性系数为19.85，荧光印迹膜对锂离子的特异识别能力是非印迹膜的2倍。此外，在原有研究对象为锂离子的基础上，我们增加了稀土离子钕离子和镝离子，以提高项目成果的适用性。所制备的膜在多种离子共存的环境下，对锂离子具有特异性识别能力。同时针对盐湖卤水高镁锂比的特点， 对比阐释了它们的吸附性能、 选择性识别性能和渗透性能， 阐述了可能的传质机理。为实现复杂基质的盐湖卤水中锂离子的快速和高效分离提取提供了全面的理论基础。