新型多孔印迹吸附剂的绿色/可控合成及深度脱硫行为和选择性分离机理研究

The objective of this project is to prepare porous molecularly imprinting adsorbents with excellent properities, such as great selectivity, large adsoption capacity, good thermodynamics and kinetic, high mechanical strength, good permeability, and recycles, by an environment-friendly and controlled method, which combines the advantages of surface imprinting technique, porous carrier materials, living/controlled polymerization and microwave heating technique. The as-prepared materials will be used to selectively remove the thiophene-type sulfide from the oils. We will intend to establish the mechanism for the screen of natural porous mineral and expound the mechanism of the synthesis of porous silica materials and imprinted polymers via microvawe heating. Study on the effect of the parameter of RAFT towards the structure and properity of molecularly imprinted polymers. By using the advanced characterization, the physical and chemical properties of as-prepared composites will be investigated, and the equilibrium, thermodynamics and kinetics laws during the processes of imprinted polymerization and the adsorption-desorption will be discussed in detail. Finally, the method for the selective deep desulfurization from fuel oils will be obtained and evaluated, and applied to the fast and efficient selective deep removal of thiophene-type sulfides from actual oils, with the investigatation of the selectivity, stability and recycles towards as-obtained materials.

本项目拟集中表面分子印迹技术、多孔载体材料、活性自由基聚合技术和微波加热技术的优点，利用环境友好和调变可控的方法，设计、可控制备出具有选择性好、吸附容量高、动力学和热力学性能良好、机械性能强、渗透性好和再生性好的多孔分子印迹吸附剂,并应用于选择性脱除油品中噻吩类硫化物；建立天然多孔矿物的筛选机制；阐明微波合成多孔硅材料和分子印迹聚合物的作用机理；研究RAFT聚合参数对分子印迹聚合物结构形态和性能的影响；运用先进的表征手段测试并阐述多孔载体材料和多孔印迹聚合物的物理、化学特性，诠释印迹聚合过程和选择性吸附脱硫过程的平衡、动力学和热力学性质；研究多孔分子印迹选择性吸附脱硫的机理；建立并评估适用于燃油选择性深度脱硫的新方法，考察吸附剂的选择性、稳定性和再生性，实现实际油品中噻吩类硫化物的选择性深度脱除。

通过本项目的顺利实施，处理、筛选获得优质埃洛石纳米管、钛酸钾晶须、碳纳米管材料；微波法合成出形貌可调、孔道高度有序介孔硅；胶体晶体模板法合成三维连续有序大孔聚合物；集中利用表面分子印迹技术、聚合技术、多孔材料和磁性分离的优势，制备出多种表面多孔印迹吸附剂，应用分析测试手段表征其物理化学性质，利用静态吸附实验系统研究了印迹吸附剂对硫化物的吸附分离的平衡、动力学和选择性识别行为，并建立了相应的模型，其选择性高、吸附容量高、吸附速率快，并具备良好的机械性能、热稳定性和再生性能。同时将光催化降解技术和磁分离技术引入分子印迹领域，提出选择性光催化降解硫化物的新思路，实现高效快速分离。通过本项目的顺利实施，为多孔分子印迹技术的发展起到推动作用，并表面分子印迹聚合物的制备和应用提供新的思路，同时也将选择性催化降解引入分子印迹领域，推展其适用范围。项目实施一年以来，主要取得的研究成果有：目前已发表SCI学术论文3篇，申请国家发明专利3项，培养在读博士后1名，在读博士1名，在读硕士2名。