离子液体导向合成CNT内嵌式负载量子点复合膜及其对水体中抗生素的选择性光催化降解行为和机理研究

At present, the issue of environmental pollution and contaminated food chain isneeded to be solved urgently, which was caused by the antibiotic residues inaquatic environment. Molecularly imprinted membrane photocatalytic technology iscurrently one of the ideal means to deal with the pollution of antibiotics.However, the main problem of improving the degradation efficiency is to realizethe synergy of "light" and "recognition of membrane ". Then the degradationtechnology should be studied systematacially. In this study we prepared the porousarray membrane using chemical methods. The research combined membranes withmolecular imprinting technology, quantum dot fabrication technology, embeddedtechnology and ionic liquid synthesis technology to obtain the quantum dots/carbonnanotube composite imprinted membrane system. The imprinted membrane exhibitedhigh ability of selectivity and photocatalytic degradation to antibiotic inaquatic environment. Moreover, imprinted membranes had excellent catalyticregeneration and stability. In addition, the collaborative relationships betweenefficient photocatalytic degradation of antibiotics and many effect factors suchas size and morphology of the quantum dots, thickness of imprinted membrane layer,porosity of ionic liquid and pore size of porous membranes were studied. And itfurther studied the kinetics and thermodynamic properties in the process ofmembrane separation, as well as the catalytic activity and separation mechanism ofmembrane. Finally, a new method for selectively recognizing, separating anddegrading the antibiotic residues in water was established.

目前水环境中抗生素残留引起的环境污染和食物链危害是亟需解决的课题。分子印迹膜光催化技术是当前处理抗生素污染的理想手段之一。系统的研究该降解技术，实现“光”和“膜识别”协同作用是提高降解效率是其相关研究的面临的主要问题。本课题拟采用化学方法制备多孔阵列膜, 再结合分子印迹技术、量子点制备技术、内嵌负载技术以及离子液体合成技术制备量子点/碳纳米管复合印迹膜体系；实现膜高效选择性光催化降解环境水体中抗生素的同时具备优良的催化再生性和稳定性；进一步研究量子点的尺寸和形貌、印迹聚合层的厚度、离子液体致孔的孔隙率以及多孔基膜的孔径大小与光催化降解抗生素的效率、稳定性以及再生性之间的协同关系，以及膜分离过程中的动力学、热力学性质，并进一步研究其的催化活性以及分离机理；建立适用于选择性分离识别与降解环境水体中抗生素残留的新方法。

水环境中的抗生素残留引起的环境污染和食物链危害是亟待解决的课题。光催化复合膜技术是将光催化技术与膜技术有机结合形成的一种绿色、高效的水污染治理体系，既能有效的光催化降解残留抗生素，又能有效解决光催化剂的难分离回收和膜污染。首先，研究棒状催化材料的合成方法、调控形貌与比例，最终筛选出优质催化剂；其次，通过水热法、固相合成等方法构建CNT复合催化剂，探究CNT与催化剂量子点复合过程中的界面耦合机制，考察了CNT在复合催化剂中的电子传输促进机制；最后，本项目运用三种了成膜技术构建复合催化膜，包括共混法、抽滤法、表面生长法，并探究了不同合成方法中无机催化剂与有机聚合物膜中的兼容性问题。通过调整复合催化剂的负载量，构建了多种CNT复合催化膜，应用分析测试手段表征其物理化学性质。利用静态、动态降解实验系统地研究了复合催化膜对水环境中残留抗生素的降解性能，并建立了相应的模型，其选择性好、光催化活性高、亲水性良好、水渗透性好，并具备良好的机械强度和再生性能。该项目同时耦合膜分离技术、光催化技术以及分子印迹技术，提出了选择性降解水环境中残留抗生素的新思路，实现高效废水净化。通过本项目的顺利实施，为CNT基复合光催化材料、光催化复合膜以及分子印迹技术的发展起到推动作用。