靶向性活性大分子用于食品生物污染控制的研究

Bio-contamination of foods remains as one of the most important issues in food safety control, since it tends to trigger explosive affections in consumer communities. The overall objective of this research is to investigate self-assembling behaviors of macromolecular bioactive agents on surface of bacteria and virus, study the structure-function relationship of such structures, thus developing new mechanisms for bio-based general-purpose cleaning agents for both food and food processing equipment. Specifically will discover and design self-targeting peptides against bacteria and virus, design and express fusion protein structures by merging the peptides with different anti-bacteria enzymes, thus establishing scientific basis for design of highly efficient anti-bacteria macromolecules; will investigate the conjugation between the protein structure and hydrophobic groups, thus constructing bioactive macromolecules mimicking the structure of surfactants, and further study the assembly structures and density on surfaces of bacteria and virus to understand the controlling factors; with that, it is expected to establish the structural basis for the bioactive macromolecular conjugates to achieve cleaning activities against food bio-contamination, laying the foundation of a new generation green food safety technologies.

食品的生物污染，因其易产生爆发性群体感染的特性，是食品安全领域所面对的重要课题之一。本项目研究生物活性大分子在传染性致病微生物污染源表面的靶向和识别性自组装行为，探索其结构-功能关系，为开发食品以及食品加工设备的规模化清洁灭菌提供新机制。具体内容包括面向细菌和病毒的靶向性亲和多肽的发掘与设计，多肽与不同抗菌酶的融合蛋白的设计和构建，建立靶向型高效灭菌消毒生物制剂的结构优化机制；探索蛋白质结构与疏水性集团的有效偶联形态，形成具备表面活性剂特征的偶联体结构，以探索其在食品污染源表面形成致密自组装结构的关键影响因素。依此探索大分子偶联体结构对生物污染源的清除和灭菌效率，为开拓绿色食品安全技术的研究提供科学基础。

食品的生物污染，因其易产生爆发性群体感染的特性，是食品安全领域所面对的重要课题之一。本项目研究生物活性大分子在传染性致病微生物污染源表面的靶向和识别性自组装行为，探索其结构-功能关系，为开发食品以及食品加工设备的规模化清洁灭菌提供新机制。具体内容包括面向食源性致病微生物大肠杆菌O157:H7的靶向性亲和多肽的发掘、设计和应用；抗菌酶的筛选和表达；抗菌功能材料的开发；功能型传感器的开发等部分内容。通过研究得到针对大肠杆菌O157:H7菌体和生物被膜的亲和多肽，前者被用于对菌体的检测，后者被用于生物被膜的清除应用。抗菌酶方面筛选和表达了多种不同抗菌原理的酶制剂，并针对生物被膜的群体感应开发群体感应淬灭酶，具备潜在的抑制生物被膜的应用前景。新型抗菌功能材料具备良好的抗菌效果。功能型乳酸和pH传感器的开发可进一步发展用于食品中生物污染物的检测。通过项目的开展，探索了新型的病原微生物检测与清除新技术，为开拓绿色食品安全技术的研究提供科学基础。