开放式创新驱动产业升级的机理与政策研究

The root cause of China's slow industrial upgrading，in addition to the industry's own characteristics and the basic national conditions, it is more important to not become a core driver of industry growth based on independent innovation and technological progress. However, innovation can really generate a powerful driver functions only matched with innovation mode, innovation strategy, organization and national conditions. In the case of prominent contradictions between crunch time industrial upgrading requirements and a serious shortage of supply of science and technology, the open innovation model has become the dominant industrial upgrading paths constrained conditions of the lack of independent innovation, Innovation Investment Co., limited conditions of scientific research strength. In view of this, this project is based on the theory of open innovation and industry evolution theory as the basis of the latest development. Based on the analysis of empirical investigation and case law, we accurately grasp China's law of upgrading of its industries. Dig deeper into the open innovation drive personalized general dynamic mechanism, industrial upgrading path and constraints breakthrough, deepen and improve the industrial innovation system theory. At the same time, to provide suggestions for the government related industrial policies and environmental optimization. From practice to guide the industry realize technology push, efficiency, resource conservation, sustainable development of benign industrial upgrading, which realize the transformation of China's industrial structure optimization and the mode of economic development.

我国产业升级缓慢的根本原因，除了产业自身特征及基本国情之外，更重要的还在于自主创新的科技进步未成为产业成长的核心动力。产业升级的实质在于创新，但创新只有实现创新模式、创新策略、组织方式与国情的匹配，才能真正产生强大的驱动功能。在刻不容缓的产业升级要求与科技供给严重不足矛盾突出的情况下，开放式创新模式成为我国自主创新不足、创新投入有限、科研实力受限国情下推动产业升级的优势路径。鉴于此，本项目以开放式创新理论、产业协同演化理论的最新发展为基础，在实证调查和个案分析的基础上，准确掌握我国的产业升级规律，深入挖掘开放式创新驱动产业升级的共性动力机制、个性化实现路径及约束条件突破。在深化和完善产业创新系统理论的同时，为政府相关的产业政策制订及环境优化提供建议，并从实践上指导产业界有效实现技术推动、效率提高、资源节约、可持续发展的良性产业升级，实现我国产业结构优化及经济发展方式转变。

产业升级的实质在于创新，但创新只有实现创新模式、创新策略、组织方式与国情的匹配，才能真正产生强大的驱动功能。开放式创新对我国经济社会发展尤其是推动产业升级的理论作用显著。但由于开放式创新推动产业升级本身成长条件要求较高，创新本身蕴含着高风险性和高不确定性等特性，开放式创新推动产业升级必须找到切实可循的路径。而开放式创新推动产业升级不同于一般的路径，其成长具有独特的特征。本项目针对开放式创新推动产业升级的成长路径、影响因素、作用机制、实现条件和政策建议等问题进行了深入研究。. 在充分论证开放式创新驱动产业升级的优势基础上，开放式创新推动产业升级的路径选择在于充分利用形成一种全新的企业内外的组织结构和系统，充分有效地利用自身资源和市场环境。开放式创新驱动动产业升级的路径，可以从主导产业、技术研究和市场三个方面，探寻出三种不同的通用路径，同时在产业基础培育、产业发展、产业维持和产业衰落四个不同的阶段，开放式创新驱动产业升级的路径各不相同。为全面贯彻党的十八大和十九大精神，项目组重点研究了开放式创新驱动中国制造产业升级的问题，并以湖南省制造产业作为创新驱动升级案例，实证开放式创新推动产业升级存在的约束条件和压力，并构建了约束条件模型，探讨了开放式创新的联合组织作用模式驱动制造产业升级的条件与环境需求。由此提出构建开放式心智模式、政府创新政策供给、完善创新驱动体制机制、集聚创新驱动关键人才、培育良好的发展环境等政策建议。