文化产业发展促进区域经济发展方式转变的作用机制研究

The Sixth Plenary Session of the 17th CPC Central Committee announced that the development of culture industry would be accelerated, and culture industry would be a pillar industry of our national economy and a key support for the transformation of economic development mode. Based on endogenous growth theory and Hamilton optimization model, along "production factors - regional industries - regional economy"，this research puts forward and demonstrates two propositions: firstly, that the influence paths that correspond to the promotion of culture industry development to the transformation of regional economic development mode exist; and secondly, that the influence of the promotion is measureable and can be measured by the cultural capital’s contribution degree to cultural consumption growth rate, economic growth rate, industrial structure optimization rate and environmental quality improvement rate. Then, based on simultaneous equations, correlation analysis, industrial linkage analysis and panel data analysis, empirical analyses for Hunan province are designed to investigate the promoting influence that the development of culture industry on economic growth, consumption upgrading, industrial structure optimization, resources-saving and environmental quality improvement. Furthmore, according to the theoretical and empirical analyses, we examine the culture industry development indice, economic development mode transformation indice and contribution degree of culture industry development imposed on economic development transformation mode using reality data and comparatively simulation data of Hunan province creative industries. Finally, we put forward suggestions of how to promote the development of culture industry and accelerate the transformation of regional economic development mode.

党的十七届六中全会提出：加快发展文化产业,推动文化产业成为国民经济支柱性产业,使之成为转变经济发展方式的重要着力点。本项目基于内生增长理论与Hamilton优化模型，沿着“生产要素—区域产业—区域经济”的递进逻辑，论证两个命题：一是文化产业发展促进区域经济发展方式转变的作用路径是存在的；二是相应作用强度是可以测度的，其强度可由文化资本对经济增长率、文化消费增长率、产业结构优化率和环境质量改善率的贡献度加以测度。然后，以湖南创意产业为例，通过联立方程、相关关系分析、产业关联分析、面板计量等方法，实证揭示文化产业发展促进经济增长、消费升级、产业结构优化、资源节约环境改善的作用；基于数理与实证分析结论，对文化产业发展指数、发展方式转变指数及文化产业发展对发展方式转变的贡献度进行现实测度和模拟预测。最后，提出发展文化产业、加速区域经济发展方式转变的对策建议。

本研究围绕文化产业发展能否以及如何促进经济发展方式转变，通过理论分析与实证分析，研究文化产业促进区域经济发展方式转变的路径及对产业结构优化、资源节约和环境改善的作用。（1）从文化产品的角度对其行业构成进行分类，利用投入产出数据和空间统计方法研究发现：我国大部分省份文化产业发展规模低下，地区差异明显。就文化产业链方面而言，东部优于中部，中部好于西部；就空间集聚而言，除了处于产业前沿的省份，中部湖南和西部四川的空间集聚效应也有所形成（梅国平、刘珊，2014.9；2014.10）；（2）文化产业与其他产业的关联程度迥异，文化产业对商务服务等11大行业有正向推动效应，而对农业等13大行业有负向挤出效应，动态模拟得出文化产业每增加投入1个单位能带动其他产业增加的8.13个单位产出（梅国平、刘珊，2014.11）；（3）由于文化产业的“朝阳产业”特性，其天然地与生态环境系统有着良性共振，两者的耦合表现较好，但就目前定量计算的结果而言，两者的协调度并不高，两个系统间有着较大的共生发展空间；（4）实证研究结果表明:我国高收入居民和低收入居民的消费行为并不一致,高收入居民不具有过度敏感性,而低收入居民具有过度敏感性。