基于分形理论的微晶玻璃电树枝化行为与击穿机理研究

Energy storage dielectric materials are the key materials for manufacturing high-power devices. However, the current energy storage density is much lower than the theoretical level, which seriously hinders the process of miniaturization and lightweight for the energy storage devices. This project chooses the glass-ceramic material which possesses the great potential for obtaining the high energy storage density as the research object. The basic scientific research on the electrical branch discharge and breakdown behaviors for the glass-ceramic dielectric will be carried out. The main contents include: to design and manufacture the electrical branch test device and conduct the electrical branch test on the basis of our previous work on preparing the glass-ceramic materials, characterizing their structure, as well as measuring and analyzing their dielectric, breakdown, and energy-storage characteristics successfully; to simulate developing process of the electrical branch discharge for the glass-ceramic material in various electric fields based on the fractal theory; to summarize the inhibiting factors and approaches of the electrical branch behavior for the glass-ceramic material and to put forward the mechanism of breakdown. The purpose of this project is to lay a theoretical and practical foundation for the effective improvement in the breakdown performance of the glass-ceramic dielectric and the development of a new generation of glass-ceramic with high breakdown strength.

储能电介质材料是制造高功率器件的关键材料，然而当前面临着储能密度远低于理论水平的难题，严重阻碍了储能器件小型化与轻型化的进程。本项目以具有高储能密度潜质的微晶玻璃材料作为研究对象，拟对微晶玻璃电介质在电场中的电树枝放电与击穿行为开展基础科学研究。主要内容包括：在前期已成功制备微晶玻璃并对其结构、介电、击穿与储能特性完成表征与测试的基础上，进一步设计电树枝实验装置并开展电树枝放电实验；基于分形理论对微晶玻璃的电树枝放电过程开展仿真研究；总结微晶玻璃电树枝化行为的抑制因素与途径，建立微晶玻璃材料的击穿机理，为有效提高微晶玻璃电介质的击穿性能和研制出新型高击穿强度的微晶玻璃电介质奠定理论和实践基础。

本项目以具有高储能潜质的微晶玻璃材料作为研究对象，对低能耗磷酸盐微晶玻璃电介质在电场中的电树枝放电与击穿行为开展了基础研究。主要内容有：（1）磷酸盐微晶玻璃材料的系统研究，（2）开展微晶玻璃的电树枝放电试验，（3）基于分形理论开展放电行为的计算机仿真，（4）击穿机理的分析与研究。通过电树枝试验和仿真模拟，得出放电通道发展概率指数越小、分形维数越大、阈值电位越高，将有助于提高微晶玻璃的击穿电压，进而更好地改善其储能特性。本项目的开展为有效提高微晶玻璃电介质的击穿特性和研制出新型高储能密度的微晶玻璃电介质提供一定的理论和实践参考。