直接甲醇燃料电池有序纳米管阵列电极内部多元传输特性研究

The micro passive direct methanol fuel cell is regarded as a potential power source for portable applications due to its high energy density.Howerver, many issues need to be solved before its commecial application, such as methanol crossover and low limiting current density. It is highly desirable to improve the efficienfy of mass tansfer on porous electrode. We proposes to directly construct the intergrated electrode with ordered nanotube array on the micro porous layer, which could decrease the mass tansfer resistance and explore the three-phrase interface reaction at the same time.The implement of this project can not only make a prediction of coupled complex multi-components,multi-phase and multi-scale physical-chemical processes,but also lay the technical foundation for the optimization and regulation of new membrane electrode assembly and process intensification of mass tansport and electrochemical reaction within electrode.

全被动式微小型直接甲醇燃料电池（DMFC）要实现商业化应用，迫切需要大幅提高电极内部物质传输效率，解决传质受限所导致的极限电流低的问题。本项目提出通过模板粘接的方法直接在支撑层衬底上构筑一体化的有序通孔阵列电极，将止步于材料研究的Pt及其合金纳米管材料真正应用到电池内部，充分发挥空心纳米管的结构优势，使燃料电池多孔电极孔结构从无序不规则的状态向有序化过渡，并实现电极孔隙结构的可调可控制备，构建多组分分立的传输通道大幅提高电极的传输效率，同时阐明各相传输与电化学反应的耦合规律，为实现有序纳米结构膜电极孔隙结构的可控制备奠定基础，推进微小型DMFC的实用化进程。

项目从催化剂的结构特征出发，研究了不同尺寸的一维Pt基纳米管对纳米结构MEA性能的影响规律。开发了二维Pt基催化剂应用于高效纳米结构MEA的构筑，实现了催化剂用量的显著降低。创新发展了三维有序化纳米结构MEA的制备方法，实现了MEA的超低铂化。通过一系列模板合成的方法实现目标孔径大小及分布的多孔阵列电极的可控制备，研究了电极内部多元传输特性，为DMFC的深入研究提供理论依据和技术基础。