石墨烯在沉积物-水界面迁移释放及其诱发底栖生物响应的机制研究

With the rapid development of graphene’ researches and applications in various fields (e.g., medicine, chemical industry, electronics and environmental protection), its ecological security has attracted wide attention. Sediment-water-benthos system plays a dual role in maintaining hydroecological balance and ensuring the safety of aquatic products. However, graphene faces qualitative and quantitative problems in complex environmental media. There is no report regarding graphene in sediment-water-benthos system. In this project, the translocation, release and uptake of graphene in sediment-water-benthos system are studied. The morphological and structural alterations of translocated and released graphene will be illustrated by techniques, such as spectroscopy, mass spectrometry and electron microscopy. Furthermore, integrating biological macroscopic responses (uptake/accumulation, individual development, behavioral abnormality and reproductive toxicity) and biological microscopic responses (structural damage, transmembrane pathway, ion channel and oxidative stress) will be conducted to explore the main response characteristics of benthos (Corbicula fluminea and Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri will be used as typical benthos) induced by the translocated and released graphene. Finally, the relationships between the above biological responses and the changes of omics will be established to reveal the molecular mechanisms of these biological responses induced by the translocated and released graphene. The results of this study will provide theoretical and methodological references for scientifically assessing the ecological environment risks of graphene and maintaining the balance of hydroecology.

随着石墨烯在医学、化工、电子及环境保护等领域研究、应用的迅速发展，其生态安全引起了广泛关注。沉积物-水-底栖生物系统起到维持水生态平衡及保障水产品安全的双重作用，然而由于石墨烯在复杂环境介质中存在定性定量难的问题，石墨烯在沉积物-水-底栖生物系统中的研究商未见报道。课题拟分析石墨烯在沉积物-水-底栖生物之间的迁移、释放和吸收，并结合光谱、质谱、电镜等技术阐明石墨烯发生的形貌结构转化；进一步，从生物宏观响应（吸收积累、个体发育、行为异常与生殖毒性）和生物微观响应（结构损伤、跨膜途径、离子通道与氧化胁迫）两个层次，探明石墨烯迁移释放诱发底栖生物（以河蚬和霍普水丝蚓为代表生物）响应的主要特征；最后，构建上述生物响应与组学变化的关系，揭示石墨烯迁移释放诱发生物响应的分子机制。该研究结果将为科学评估石墨烯生态环境风险及维持水生态平衡提供理论和方法参考。

随着石墨烯类纳米材料在医学、化工、电子及环境保护等领域研究、应用的迅速发展，其生态安全引起了广泛关注。我们研究从底泥-水体-植物-动物角度，系统研究了石墨烯类纳米材料在土-水界面的生态环境风险。整合光谱、质谱、电镜等技术阐明石墨烯类纳米材料在水环境中发生的形貌结构转化；进一步克服碳纳米材料定性定量难的问题，通过标记示踪、拉曼光谱等技术追踪了石墨烯类纳米材料的植物、动物的吸收；同时，从生物宏观响应（吸收积累、个体发育、行为异常与生殖毒性）和生物微观响应（结构损伤、跨膜途径、离子通道与氧化胁迫）等层次，探明石墨烯类纳米材料迁移释放诱发生物响应的主要特征；最后基于基因组、蛋白组及代谢组技术，解释了石墨烯类纳米材料引起的生物效应分子机制，并利用机器学习揭示了控制纳米材料生态环境风险的机制。上述研究结果为科学评估、控制纳米材料生态环境风险及维持水生态平衡提供了重要支撑。在国内外期刊上发表学术论文31篇，其中SCI 论29篇（在环境领域顶级期刊ES&T上发表论文9篇，影响因子大于5.0的论文29篇，影响因子大于10论文9篇）；获得青年长江荣誉称号，指导3研究生名获得南开大学优秀学位论文；授权国家发明专利2项，受邀做主题学术报告4次；邀请国外专家做线上线下报告5人次。