环境因子重塑痕量氧化石墨烯诱发的生物跨代效应及其分子途径研究

Novel nanomaterial graphene oxide (GO) presents the characteristics of high environmental exposure risk and easy chemical transformation, and the relevant researches involve the relationships between nanomaterial environmental transformations and their biological transgenerational effects are limited. Therefore, the studies about biological transgenerational effects of GO and their molecular paths under the typical environmental factors, are planned to be conducted. Firstly, the formation, aggregation/sedimentation, structure/morphology and chemical activity of GO under visible light irradiation and natural organic matter, are studied to explore the chemical transformation of GO using electron microscopy, spectroscopy and other techniques. And then, the dose transfer, development of offspring, nerve/behavior, nutrition/function of zebrafish and Chlorella as tested models, are detected to discover the reconstruction of macro biological transgenerational effects triggered by GO chemical transformation. Subsequently, the structural damage, transmembrane path, ion channel and oxidative stress are analyzed to reveal the reconstruction of micro biological transgenerational effects induced by GO chemical transformation. Finally, the network relationships among DNA methylation, genome, proteome and metabolome and the above biological effects are analyzed to real the molecular paths of biological transgenerational effects, using epigenetics and high-throughput techniques. This project will provide the theoretical and technical supports for the scientific evaluation of environmental risk and the reasonable utilization of GO.

鉴于新型纳米材料氧化石墨烯(Graphene oxide, GO)具有环境暴露风险高、易发生环境转化的特点，及其环境转化重塑生物跨代效应研究不足的现状，课题拟开展典型环境因子重塑痕量GO诱发的生物跨代效应及其分子途径研究。首先，课题采用电镜结合光谱技术等从赋存形态、团聚沉降、形貌结构及化学活性角度，阐明可见光和天然有机质驱动GO发生的化学行为转化；其次，以斑马鱼和小球藻为研究对象，从剂量传递、子代发育、神经行为和营养功能角度，阐明GO环境化学转化诱发的宏观生物跨代效应重塑; 进一步，从结构损伤、跨膜路径、离子通道及氧化压力角度，阐明GO环境化学转化诱发的微观生物跨代效应重塑；最后，拟借助表观遗传学及高通量分析技术，构建DNA甲基化和基因组-蛋白组-代谢组与上述生物效应重塑之间的网络关系，以揭示生物跨代效应重塑的分子途径。该研究将为科学评价GO环境风险及其合理利用提供理论依据和技术支撑。

鉴于新型纳米材料氧化石墨烯(Graphene oxide, GO)具有环境暴露风险高、易发生环境转化的特点，及其环境转化重塑生物跨代效应研究不足的现状，课题开展了典型环境因子重塑痕量GO诱发的生物跨代效应及其分子途径研究。课题采用电镜结合光谱技术等从赋存形态、团聚沉降、形貌结构及化学活性等角度，阐明了可见光和天然有机质驱动GO发生的化学行为转化。发现环境中的有机质能明显影响氧化石墨烯的形貌结构和环境稳定性，提出了氧化石墨烯环境释放与转化的特征。以斑马鱼和小球藻为研究对象，从剂量传递、子代发育和神经行为等角度，阐明了GO环境化学转化诱发的宏观生物跨代效应重塑。发现氧化石墨烯能从亲代转移到子代，进而影响子代的生长发育和神经行为等，并解释了其可能的作用途径；发现氧化石墨烯能导致小球藻明显的结构损伤等，但是再经过多代繁殖后，大部分生物效应能能得到恢复。 进一步，从结构损伤、跨膜路径及氧化压力等角度，阐明了GO环境化学转化诱发的微观生物跨代效应重塑；最后，借助高通量分析技术，构建了多组学与上述生物效应重塑之间的网络关系，以揭示生物跨代效应重塑的分子途径。课题开展的多组学与生物效应相结合的研究方法，相比单一的组学研究，能够获得更为准确、可靠的结论，相对于传统的多组学研究，能明显的建立组学与表关系的关系。上述研究为科学评价GO环境风险及其合理利用提供理论依据和技术支撑。