基于随机共振的直升机传动系统关键部件损伤信息精准检测理论与方法

Damage of the helicopter transmission system is one of the main causes of catastrophic accidents. Heavy noise makes the damage information acquisition of safety relevant components become a bottleneck of the helicopter transmission system fault diagnosis, prediction and maintenance. The signal enhanced detection methods based on stochastic resonance (SR) have a good effect on damage qualitative detection under heavy noise, but it still needs some more research in damage quantitative detection and details detection. In this research, the physical mechanism of damage induced vibration response, transference and multi sources vibration coupling will be analyzed. Afterwards, quantitative detection method based on unsymmetrical SR model and measurement of steady-state residence time will be studied. Meanwhile, detection method of time domain details will also be explored based on multi-scale coupling and uncoupling array SR model. Finally, precise detection method based on SR will be developed in the application of variable speed and variable load. The theory, method and experiment research in this work are trying to break through the limitation of qualitative detection caused by nonlinear effect of SR. This research may afford new ways and means for part damage precise detection of helicopter transmission.

传动系统损伤是直升机灾难性事故的主要诱因之一。强噪声使得安全攸关部件损伤信息的获取成为制约直升机传动系统故障诊断、预测及维修保障的瓶颈。随机共振信号增强检测方法对损伤的定性检测有较好的效果，但在损伤的定量检测和细节信息检测方面还是一个开放的研究课题。本项目通过动力学建模分析直升机传动系统部件损伤振动响应产生、传递规律及多振源振动耦合机理；基于随机共振非对称模型，以稳态驻留时间为测度研究损伤特征指标的定量检测方法；基于多尺度耦合与非耦合随机共振阵列模型研究损伤振动响应时域波形特征的检测方法；以此为基础研究变转速、变载荷条件下基于随机共振的损伤精准检测方法。项目结合理论、方法和实验研究尝试突破目前随机共振非线性增强效应仅用于定性检测的局限，旨在为直升机传动系统关键部件损伤信息的精准获取提供新方法和新手段。

传动系统损伤是直升机灾难性事故的主要诱因之一。强噪声使得安全攸关部件损伤信息的获取成为制约直升机传动系统故障诊断、预测及维修保障的瓶颈。本项目针对直升机传系统关键部件损伤信息检测，通过动力学和有限元建模分析了直升机传动系统部件损伤振动响应产生、传递规律，开展了变转速、变载荷条件下基于随机共振的损伤精准检测方法研究，提出并验证了基于多尺度非耦合随机共振阵列模型的损伤状态信息增强提取方法，基于随机共振和1.5维谱的损伤信息增强检测方法。项目研究了基于非线性超声波形畸变因子、基于信号字典学习和重构以及基于流形学习和超声热成像的直升机桨叶复合材料损伤检测和评估方法，最后提出了基于二维随机共振增强检测的桨叶损伤信息增强检测方法。项目结合理论、方法和实验研究，为直升机传动系统关键部件损伤信息的精准获取提供了新方法和新手段。项目研究的理论和方法将在通过机载验证后集成到直升机PHM系统。