非平衡活性物质系统的势流场地貌理论

Active matter systems are composed of nonequilibrium self-driven units. As a result, they exhibit an array of distinctive phenomena and properties different from equilibrium matter, and have important applications in a wide variety of fields. Recently, the study of active matter has become the cutting-edge research in interdisciplinary fields of physics, chemistry and biology. However, in the current research of active matter, linear stability analysis is the main framework used to study the dynamics of active matter, and the thermodynamics is restricted by the near-equilibrium condition. Therefore, it is a scientific question of significance as to how to break through these limitations and explore systematically the global dynamics and nonequilibrium thermodynamics of active matter. In this project we start from the hydrodynamics of active matter and give an in-depth study of the global dynamical behavior of active matter and obtain a set of nonequilibrium thermodynamic equations applicable in far-from-equilibrium conditions, within the framework of the potential-flux field landscape theory based on the principle of nonequilibrium trinity and the hub of the potential-flux decomposition. The results in this project may facilitate the uncovering of underlying principles in the global dynamics and nonequilibrium thermodynamics of active matter, the expansion of the validity range of the potential-flux field landscape theory, and the potential applications in areas such as soft matter synthesis, directed motion of medication, and intelligent materials.

活性物质系统的构成单元具有非平衡自驱动特性，表现出一系列区别于平衡态物质系统的特有现象和性质，并在多个领域有重要的应用价值。近年来对活性物质的研究已成为物理、化学和生物等学科交叉领域的前沿科学问题。然而，当前对活性物质的研究中，动力学方面采用的是以线性稳定性分析为主的框架，热力学方面则有近平衡条件的限制。如何突破这双重局限性，系统深入地探索活性物质的全局动力学与非平衡热力学规律，是具有重要意义的科学问题。本项目从活性物质的流体力学方程出发，在势流场地貌理论框架内，以非平衡三位一体原理为基础，以势流分解为纽带，深入研究活性物质在相空间中的全局动力学行为，建立远离平衡态的非平衡热力学方程组。研究成果将有助于揭示活性物质系统的全局动力学与非平衡热力学的深层规律，扩展势流场地貌理论体系的适用范围，并在软物质合成、药物定向输运、智能材料等领域具有潜在应用价值。

活性物质是由大量自驱动的活性单元构成的物质体系。活性物质处于非平衡态，表现出一系列区别于平衡态惰性物质系统的非平衡现象，并在多个领域具有重要的应用价值。当前对活性物质的研究受到局域线性稳定性分析和热力学近平衡条件的限制。本项目采用势流地貌理论框架，揭示活性物质在相空间中的全局动力学行为，建立远离平衡态活性系统的非平衡热力学规律，并在具体的活性物质系统中应用和检验建立的普适理论体系。我们在具有空间广延性的非平衡活性系统中建立了广义涨落耗散定理，在远离平衡态的随机流体系统中建立了非平衡热力学方程组，在与多个热库接触的非平衡开放哈密顿系统中完善了势流地貌理论并确立了非平衡状态方程的形式。本项目中为活性物质建立的势流地貌理论体系，突破了局域线性稳定性分析和局域细致平衡假设的限制，为研究非平衡活性物质系统在相空间中的全局动力学和远离平衡态的非平衡热力学奠定了理论基础。研究成果在软物质合成、药物定向输运、智能设备与材料等领域具有潜在应用价值。项目执行期间，在国际学术期刊上发表项目相关SCI论文4篇。