组织内政治行为视角下研发团队创新的多层次影响机制研究

Current research on team creativity and innovation has predominantly focused on how to promote the generation of new ideas, while the process of converting creative ideas’ generation into implementation still remains as a theoretical “black box”. Contrary to previous studies, this project switches the theoretical perspective from rational decision of organization to political decision, thus effectively unveiling the dark sides of creativity in forms of innovation resistance phenomenon, which complements with extant literature. Our basic thought is to systematically explore scientific questions including in organizational political perspective: what is political behavior, why does it exist and how does it wield influence in the process of team innovation. Firstly, we testified the construct organizational politic behavior which comes from western context in Chinese cultural context, and comprehensively explored its type in term of dimension, level and measurement. Then, we built a multi-level model of organizational political behavior and R&D team innovation to discuss the influencing mechanism of innovation resistance and the corresponding boundary conditions from three approaches: individual, team and cross level analysis. Finally, based on the R&D teams which are our main research objects, we examined the theoretical model through mixed methods, including quality research, survey and experiments, and conclude some indigenous theories and findings.

当前团队创造力和创新领域聚焦在如何促进新想法的产生，但从创造力转化为创新推行在理论上仍然是一个“黑箱”。与以往研究不同，本项目认为创新不仅是理性的，也是政治性的过程。因此，我们将理论视角切换到组织政治学，构建了以创新抵制为主线的分析框架，从而揭示创新过程“黑暗面”的影响机制，对现有研究是一个非常有益的补充。其基本思想是：从组织内政治行为的视角，系统探讨研发团队创新过程中的政治行为是什么、为什么被激发以及如何影响的科学问题。首先，对来自西方情境的组织政治行为量表在中国文化背景下进行检验，探索创新过程中多层次多角度政治行为的类型以及测量方法；其次，构建组织内政治行为与研发团队创新的多层次模型，从个体、团队以及跨层次三条路径，探讨创新抵制的作用机制，以及边界条件；最后，以新产品研发团队为主要研究对象，采用质化研究、问卷法、案例法、实验法等，对理论模型进行验证并提炼具有本土特色的理论和规律。

当前团队创造力和创新领域聚焦在如何促进新想法的产生，但创新过程绝非一帆风顺。与以往研究不同，本项目认为创新不仅是理性的产物，也是一个社会政治过程。因此，我们将理论视角切换到组织政治学，试图揭示创新过程“黑暗面”的影响机制。其基本思想是：从组织内政治的视角，系统探讨团队创新过程中的政治行为是什么、为什么被激发以及如何影响的科学问题。首先，构建以创新抵制和倡导为主线的分析框架，并检查创新和组织政治两个领域的重叠文献，提出从知识和人际两个基本维度考察创新的政治表征，具体表现为知识隐藏、同事（领导）排斥等；其次，从个体、对偶以及团队三条路径，探讨创新抵制的作用机制，以及边界条件；最后，采用多样化方法对上述理论模型进行验证，并取得相关发现。