可穿戴胃动力遥测装置的开发和实验研究

Currently, more than 15% of the general population worldwide suffers from functional dyspepsia. Gastric hypomotility is traditionally considered the main cause of 20-50% patients with functional dyspepsia. In the past 10 years, the development of techniques to detect gastric motility is slow. Three main techniques are used to evaluate gastric motility, including scintigraphic gastric emptying scan, 13C breath test and wireless pH capsule. However, due to poor accuracy, complicated steps, high expense and radioactivity, the use of these techniques are very limited in clinical practice. Although wearable devices in sport are developing rapidly, the related research in medicine is just beginning. Compared with human motion, gastric motility is characterized by low frequency, small amplitude and susceptible to disturbance. Gastric motility related wearable device remains not be reported. The objective of this study is to develop a novel gastric motility wearable device (GMWD). GMWD will be used to evaluate the dynamic changes of gastric motility in experimental dogs in several conditions (including rest, eating or using gastric motility-related medicine). The hardware and algorithm of GMWD will be further optimized by comparing with the gold standard method. The effect of detecting motility in volenteers and patients with gastroparesis by GMWD will be investigated. The study will help to establish a new generation technique to evaluate gastric motility easily, accurately and cheaply. This work will lay the foundation for diagnosis of gastric motility related diseases and evaluation of therapeutic effects by GMWD.

全球有超过15%的人存在功能性消化不良症状，约20-50%是由于胃动力不足引起。近十年来，胃动力检测技术发展缓慢，主要包括核素显像、13C呼气试验和无线pH胶囊等，由于存在准确性差、步骤繁琐、价格高、有放射性等局限，在临床上应用很少。近来，运动可穿戴设备发展迅速，但医疗相关可穿戴设备才刚刚起步。与人体运动相比，胃蠕动具有频率慢、振幅小、易干扰等特点，尚未见新型可穿戴设备用于检测胃动力的报道。本课题拟研发世界第一款可穿戴胃动力遥测设备。通过动物实验，监测静息、进食、给药等条件下胃蠕动的动态变化；与“金标准”进行非劣效对比研究，充分优化硬件及软件算法；探索在健康志愿者和胃轻瘫患者中的检测效果。以期建立简便、精确、低成本的 “新一代”胃动力检测技术，为胃动力相关疾病的诊断和疗效评估奠定基础。

消化不良是消化科常见病，其中20-50%由胃动力不足所致。胃动力检测对于消化不良患者的诊断及治疗有极其重要的意义。近十年来，胃动力检测技术发展缓慢，主要包括核素显像、13C呼气试验和无线pH胶囊等，由于存在 准确性差、步骤繁琐、价格高、有放射性等局限，在临床上应用很少。基于三轴加速度传感器的可穿戴设备是近年来智能硬件发展的一个新的热点方向，其出现为直接测量胃肠动力提供了新的契机。与现有检测方法相比，可穿戴设备最主要优点为直接检测、准确性高、体积小和数据无线实时传输，另外还具有安全性高、连续记忆、测量周期长、禁忌症少、成本较低等优势。本课题拟开发直接检测胃动力的可穿戴设备，并通过离体及活体动物实验对设备硬件外形、内部程序及外部软件算法进行逐步优化，适时应用于临床。课题组开发了基于MPU6000三维九轴传感器、蓝牙和MCU预处理模块的内置式胃动力遥测工程样机，并开发了匹配的PC端和手机端软件系统。使用傅里叶变换法滤除心电和呼吸信号，解决了胃动力信号提取的关键问题，并通过体外模拟试验对胃动力信号进行提取和分析。本研究首次使用传感器可穿戴设备用于胃动力检测的应用研究，为胃肠动力相关疾病的诊治提供新方法和新思路。本课题的实施有助于推动胃肠动力检测技术的发展和功能性胃肠道疾病诊治领域的相关研究。