Atherosclerosis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory disorder characterized by neointimal proliferation. Our previous study found, for the first time, that Mfn2, as a negative regulator of Ras, activates PPARγ and significantly inhibits the P38 and Jnk signaling pathway, resulting in expression suppression of NF-κB / AP-1, thus inhibiting atherosclerotic inflammation. Our recent study found that new ratios of omega-6 and omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) can prevent AS effectively,obviously decrease the expression of atherosclerotic inflammatory cytokines and significantly increase the expression of Mfn2 and PPARγ,but the underlying molecular mechanism still remains to be elucidated. We suppose that PUFAs of different types might play an anti-inflammatory role through the regulation of Mfn2-PPARγ-NF-κB / AP-1,Mfn2-Ras-P38-NF-κB, and Mfn2-Ras-Jnk-AP-1 pathway. This project will investigate the effect of various PUFAs and their different ratios on atherosclerotic inflammation in cells (endothelial cells, vascular smooth muscle cells, monocyte-macrophage, HepG2) and animal models, and the molecular mechanisms above Mfn2-related signaling pathways. The study results will clarify the molecular mechanisms by which PUFA protect against AS inflammation, and provide novel targets and scientific methods for the prevention and treatment of ASCVD.
动脉粥样硬化(AS)是动脉内膜的慢性增生炎症性病变。我们前期研究首次发现,Mfn2可激活PPARγ;作为Ras负向调控因子,还可抑制P38、Jnk信号通路,下调NF-κB/AP-1表达,从而抗AS炎症。我们近期研究发现,新研制ω-6/ω-3多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)能有效预防AS,显著降低血清AS炎症因子水平,并显著上调Mfn2和PPARγ表达,但其内在分子机制不明。我们推测部分PUFA可能通过调控Mfn2-PPARγ-NF-κB/AP-1信号通路发挥作用,但也可能激活Mfn2-Ras-P38-NF-κB、Mfn2-Ras-Jnk-AP1信号通路,值得深入研究。本课题将研究多种PUFA和不同ω-6/ω-3配比PUFA在细胞和动物模型中对AS炎症的影响作用,并研究其对上述Mfn2信号通路的调控作用,阐明有益PUFA抗AS炎症的分子机制,为有效防治ASCVD提供新的靶点和科学方法。
多项大型临床实验证据表明PUFA具有显著抗动脉粥样硬化(AS)作用。本研究首先探讨不同配比PUFA对ApoE-/-小鼠抗AS的作用,结果表明当SFA∶MUFA∶PUFA=0.25∶1.5∶1,且ω-6/ω-3 PUFA比例为2.5∶1,其中ω-3 PUFA来源于EPA,抗AS作用最明显,表现为抑制主动脉斑块形成、减轻肝脏脂质蓄积。另外,减少SFA摄入,增加MUFA和PUFA摄入具有更强抗AS作用,EPA作为ω-3 PUFA的供体比DHA作为ω-3 PUFA抗AS作用更显著,较低比例ω-6/ω-3PUFA比高比例ω-6/ω-3PUFA抗动脉粥样硬化效果更显著。为了进一步研究PUFA抗AS的作用机制,结合文献回顾我们选用DHA干预高脂喂养的ApoE-/-小鼠,结果表明DHA显著减少小鼠主动脉粥样斑块的形成,减少内膜下的脂质沉积;同时抑制小鼠体内IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-a等炎症因子的释放,减轻小鼠体内氧化应激损伤,抑制大动脉血管内膜细胞凋亡。体外研究表明DHA可抑制TNF-a刺激诱导的内皮细胞炎症反应,抑制过氧化氢诱导的内皮细胞氧化应激与凋亡。进一步研究表明DHA通过诱导内皮细胞内P62/SQSTM1聚集,并与KEAP1相互作用,促进KEAP1选择性降解,从而导致Nrf2与KEAP1解离,并进入细胞核诱导细胞保护分子HO-1的表达,发挥抗炎、抗氧化应激等损伤。HO-1抑制剂可显著抑制DHA对内皮细胞的保护作用。除此之外,我们研究发现橄榄油重要有效成分羟基酪醇具有调控脂质代谢和抗AS的作用,其机制与调控P38 MAPK途径相关。本课题研究了PUFA及其不同配比对动脉粥样硬化的影响,确定了较佳的 ω-6/ω-3 PUFA配比,并深入探讨了多不饱和脂肪酸DHA抗动脉粥样硬化的分子机制,为科学使用优质适量的 PUFA 防治 ASCVD 提供理论依据和新方法,具有重要的社会和经济价值。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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