跨职能项目团队知识隐匿行为的诱发机理及其双元治理机制研究

Cross-functional project teams, which are typically temporary organizational forms, are increasingly relied upon by complex R&D projects to perform tasks. However, in the context of cross-functional project teams which are characterized by significant knowledge diversity and the lack of collaboration foundation, team members are inclined to hide their knowledge, leading to serious knowledge transfer dilemmas for projects. As a result, there is absolutely a need to solve the issue of knowledge hiding governance. This study aims to explore the induction mechanism of knowledge hiding behaviors and reveal the critical motivations and impact factors of knowledge hiding. Based on the key features of knowledge hiding motivations, the behavioral utility functions of the evolutionary game for knowledge hiding are established. Then, the tactics of project members’ knowledge hiding behavior, which are driven by knowledge hiding motivations, are predicted. At the meanwhile, knowledge hiding governance objectives based on the cost motivation and benefit motivation of knowledge hiding are also proposed. On this basis, dual governance plans are designed by analyzing the impacts of formal contract governance and relational governance on key motivations of knowledge hiding. This study is able to uncover the underlying mechanisms of the critical motivation and behavioral evolution of knowledge hiding, providing a basis for avoiding knowledge transfer dilemmas. Finally, an effective governance mechanism, which is oriented to formal contract and relational governance, can be founded, providing theoretical supports and practical references for the solution of knowledge hiding dilemmas in cross-functional projects.

跨职能项目团队是复杂研发项目日益依赖的临时性组织形式，其高效的知识转移是多领域知识整合与利用，项目研发绩效取得突破的根本保障。但是，在知识异质性显著、协作基础异常薄弱的项目环境下，团队成员更倾向于隐匿自身知识，导致项目陷入严重的知识转移困境。因此，跨职能项目知识隐匿的治理问题亟待解决。本研究拟通过探究跨职能项目知识隐匿行为的诱发机理，揭示知识隐匿行为关键动机及影响因素作用路径；据此构建知识隐匿演化博弈行为效用函数，推演关键知识隐匿动机驱动下的行为策略，提出基于知识隐匿成本、收益动机导向的知识治理目标；在此基础上，通过分析关系与正式契约治理机制对知识隐匿关键动机的影响路径，确定知识隐匿的双元治理方案。本研究将揭示跨职能项目知识隐匿的关键动机及行为演化机理，为预防知识转移困境的产生奠定基础；建立以正式契约与关系治理为导向的有效治理机制，为跨职能项目知识隐匿问题的有效解决提供理论支持和实践借鉴。

跨职能项目团队是复杂研发项目日益依赖的临时性组织形式，其高效的知识转移是多领域知识整合与利用，项目研发绩效取得突破的根本保障。但是，在知识异质性显著、协作基础异常薄弱的项目环境下，团队成员更倾向于隐匿自身知识，导致项目陷入严重的知识转移困境。因此，跨职能项目知识隐匿的治理问题亟待解决。本研究拟探究跨职能项目知识隐匿行为的诱发机理，分别对如下关联问题展开研究。首先，塑造知识跨职能团队隐匿行为破坏性结果的系统认知，分别研究领导知识隐匿行为、团队成员知识隐匿行为导致的负向组织产出；其次，分析跨职能项目专有属性对知识隐匿行为的作用机理，识别关键团队属性并将其作为后续知识隐匿治理研究的控制变量；最后，通过分析关系与正式契约治理机制对知识隐匿行为的差异化影响路径，确定知识隐匿的双元治理方案。.分析结果表明，（1）领导者知识隐匿行为会提升成员的工作压力、离职意愿，团队成员的知识隐匿行为降低项目管理绩效、损害项目团队创新能力；（2）项目的诸多属性中，项目复杂性对知识隐匿行为的产生有正向促进作用路径，因而应当作为跨职能团队知识隐匿治理研究的项目维控制变量；（3）在复杂项目中，非正式治理机制（跨职能协同、供应链协同、团队信任）对知识隐匿行为具有显著的抑制作用；（4）正式契约治理中的各项机制对知识隐匿行为产生混合作用，相较之下团队契约比个体契约产生更佳的知识隐匿治理效果。本研究揭示跨职能项目知识隐匿的关键动机及行为演化机理，为预防知识转移困境的产生奠定基础；建立以正式契约与关系治理为导向的有效治理机制，为跨职能项目知识隐匿问题的有效解决提供理论支持和实践借鉴。