台风强迫的海洋垂直混合及近惯性内波变化研究

Negative feedback of ocean to typhoon restricts the state-of-the-art forcast skill of typhoon. Sea surface temperature cooling induced by oeanic vertical mixing is always treated as main mechanics to instimulate the negative feedback of ocean to typhoon. Present project studies the variance of oceanic vertical mixing under typhoon forcing by using in-situ data of mooring array in South China Sea. We consider the existed vertical mixing schemes, and develop an effective parameterization model of vertical mixing for typhoon forcing. On the other hand, the temporal and spatial variances of near-inertial internal wave generated by typhoon are analyzed. We also investigate the generation mechanics of near-inertial internal waves, and its dependence on the parameters of typhoon forcing and background ocean environment by both field observation and modelling. These results are supposed to be important for typhoon forecast, air-sea interaction and climate change.

海洋对台风负反馈机制制约了当前台风预报水平。海洋垂直混合导致的海表面温度下降被认为是促发海洋对台风负反馈机制的主要原因。本项目使用南海海洋浮标阵列观测数据，研究台风强迫的海洋垂直混合变化规律。考虑现有的多个垂直混合参数化方案，发展一个有效的台风强迫海洋垂直混合参数化模型。同时，探讨台风强迫的海洋近惯性内波时空变化特征。利用现场观测和数值模式相结合的方法，研究台风强迫的海洋近惯性内波生成机制，及其对于台风强迫场和海洋环境场的依赖性。本研究可为台风预报、海-气相互作用和气候变化研究提供重要参考。

本项目主要针对台风-海浪-海洋这一复杂的耦合系统，开展海洋垂直湍流和近惯性内波对台风的响应研究。研究基于南海台风现场观测数据，描述了温度、盐度和流速的演变过程，并利用中等复杂海洋模式研究了海洋垂直混合对海表面温度变化的贡献，同时，我们描述了近惯性内波的变化，并比较不同台风生成的近惯性内波的特征。在此基础上，我们对台风浪时空变化、台风与海洋之间动量热量交换和台风云开展初步研究，从而为台风-海浪-海洋耦合系统提供更多的观察。研究预期发表学术论文4-6篇，至少4篇 在SCI/EI期刊发表；实际执行中发表学术论文17篇，其中14篇在SCI/EI期刊发表，超额完成了预定研究内容及目标。