中压紫外线/单过硫酸氢钾高级氧化技术去除饮用水中抗生素的效能和机理研究

The occurrence of antibiotics in drinking water may cause potential adverse impacts on ecosystem and public health. However, antibiotics cannot be efficiently removed by the conventional drinking water treatment processes. Advanced treatment, such as activated carbon adsorption process and membrane technologies, also have some limitations on antibiotics removal. In order to deal with the issue of antibiotic residues in drinking water in China, medium pressure ultraviolet (MPUV)-assisted peroxymonosulfate (PMS) advanced oxidation process is used to degrade the antibiotics in drinking water. In this study, the characteristics and mechanism for degradation of antibiotics by MPUV/PMS advanced oxidation process will be evaluated in a bench scale and some typical antibiotics with a high detection frequency in the aquatic environment in China are selected as the target compounds. Antibacterial test will be conducted to investigate the changes in antibacterial activity of the antibiotics during the MPUV/PMS process and genotoxicity evaluation of the target antibiotics will be also studied by umu test. QSAR analysis will be also performed to predict the toxicity of individual transformation products. Besides, comparison study of MPUV/PMS and other advanced oxidation processes(AOPs) will be also investigated. The goal of this study is to make comprehensive evaluation of MPUV/PMS process, including degradation efficiency and biological safety. The results will provide a scientific basis for practical application in engineering in the future and contribute to drinking water and health research.

饮用水中抗生素的残留对生态安全和人类健康构成了潜在威胁，然而饮用水厂传统常规处理工艺难以实现对抗生素的有效去除，活性炭、膜技术等深度处理工艺去除抗生素也存在不同程度的局限性。针对目前我国饮用水水源中的抗生素残留问题，本研究提出利用中压紫外线/单过硫酸氢钾（MPUV/PMS）高级氧化新技术来实现对饮用水中抗生素的降解。课题选取了我国饮用水水源中检出频率较高的几种抗生素作为典型代表，通过实验室模拟，对MPUV/PMS去除典型抗生素的效能和降解机理展开研究。采用抑菌测试和umu测试，考察目标抗生素在降解过程中抑菌活性以及遗传毒性的变化。通过定量构效关系（QSAR）分析，评价目标抗生素主要降解产物的毒性水平。同时，开展MPUV/PMS技术与其他高级氧化技术的技术经济比较。本研究旨在实现对MPUV/PMS新技术降解抗生素的效果和生物安全性进行全面的考察评价，为今后的工程运用提供基础数据和科学依据。

水环境中抗生素的残留对生态安全和人类健康构成了潜在威胁，为此，本课题采用中压紫外/单过硫酸氢钾（MPUV/PMS）高级氧化技术来实现对水中抗生素的降解。本研究选取磺胺甲噁唑（SMX）、环丙沙星（CIP）和四环素（TTC）三种抗生素作为典型代表，对MPUV/PMS去除水中典型抗生素的特性与机理展开研究。.研究发现，单独MPUV对目标抗生素的降解相对有限，然而MPUV/PMS体系可以实现对三种目标抗生素的有效降解，这有赖于•OH和SO4•–与目标抗生素之间较高的反应活性。目标抗生素与SO4•–/•OH的反应速率常数均在109~1010 M–1 s–1范围内。此外，在不同的酸碱条件下，SO4•–和•OH对目标抗生素降解的贡献不尽相同。降低目标抗生素初始浓度、提高PMS投加量和提高pH可加快目标抗生素的降解。Cl–、NO3–和CO32–/HCO3–的存在也可对目标抗生素的降解产生不同程度的促进作用。MPUV/PMS在降解实际水体中的抗生素时也取得了良好的效果。.单独MPUV主要通过异构化、脱氟和羟基化反应来分别对SMX、CIP和TTC进行降解。MPUV/PMS降解SMX、CIP和TTC的最主要路径则分别为苯胺环和异恶唑环的羟基化/氧化反应、哌嗪环的降解转化以及醌类衍生过程。综合抑菌活性测试、遗传毒性测试以及ECOSAR的预测结果，单独MPUV难以有效去除目标抗生素的生物毒性。相对地，MPUV/PMS体系能够较为有效地去除目标抗生素的毒性。.通过MPUV/PMS与MPUV/PDS（过硫酸钾）、MPUV/H2O2的对比研究可以得出，MPUV/PMS不但可以高效去除抗生素，相对于MPUV/PDS和MPUV/H2O2，其在pH变化和水中存在无机阴离子时也更能保证抗生素的去除效率。.本研究全面评价了MPUV/PMS技术对水中典型抗生素的去除，为该技术的实际运用提供了理论依据并对水中抗生素污染的控制提供了解决方案。