基于多电力弹簧协调的有源配电网电压及频率稳定控制研究

Energy-saving, emission-reducing and green power have accelerated the development of distributed generation rapidly. However, the randomness and volatility of distributed generation will cause voltage and frequency instability in active distribution system which severely restrict the development of active distribution system. Therefore, based on Electric Spring (ES), this project intends to ensure the voltage and frequency stability in active distribution system. The research mainly focus on the following aspects:(1) Researching the impacts upon the voltage and frequency when distributed generation connects to active distribution system and to further establish the evaluation index of voltage and frequency stability by analyzing the characters of wind/solar distributed generation; (2) Improving the ES circuit through the usage of energy storage element and founding the advanced ES and dynamic PQ control method based on the optimal evaluation index of voltage and frequency stability; (3) Establishing the multi-ESs coordinating control strategy to control the operation of multi-ESs through multi-agent technology base on the influence of voltage and frequency in active distribution system when ES connecting in; (4) Verifying and optimizing the dynamic PQ control method and the multi-ESs coordinating control strategy by experiment research. According the above, this research will support essential theory and guidance for the massive connection of the wind/solar distributed generation.

节能减排和绿色电力共同促进了分布式发电的快速发展，但由于分布式发电的随机性和波动性可能导致有源配电网电压、频率的波动，甚至失稳，严重制约有源配电网的进一步发展。因此，本课题基于电力弹簧理论，以保证有源配电网电压、频率稳定为目标，主要研究：(1)分析分布式风能/光伏发电的功率特性，研究其接入对电压、频率的影响机理，建立电压、频率稳定度评价指标；(2)以有源配电网电压、频率稳定度最优为目标，利用储能单元对电力弹簧电路进行改进，建立改进的电力弹簧及其动态PQ控制方法；(3)研究电力弹簧接入对有源配电网电压、频率的影响，基于多Agent技术，控制多个电力弹簧协调运行，建立多电力弹簧协调控制策略；(4)开展实验研究，验证并优化改进的电力弹簧动态PQ控制方法与多电力弹簧协调控制策略。通过本课题的研究，为实现分布式风能/光伏发电的大量接入提供必要的理论基础与方法指导。

分布式能源的快速发展可有效解决日趋严重的环境污染及能源危机问题。然而，分布式发电的随机性和波动性，会导致有源配电网电压波动、功率波动、频率失稳等问题，严重制约着有源配电网的进一步发展。因此，本项目基于电力弹簧理论，以保证有源配电网电压、频率稳定为目标，主要研究：（1）分析了分布式风能/光伏发电的输出特性，电动汽车充电的负荷特性，揭示了分布式能源对有源配电网电压、频率的影响机理，建立了有源配电网电压、频率稳定度评价指标；（2）基于电力弹簧理论，采用自适应PI控制及0/180相位控制策略，分别提出电力弹簧电压与功率控制方法，可有效解决有源配电网中分布式能源的随机功率输出会引起需求侧功率的随机变化以及系统非临界负荷变化引起的电压失稳的问题；（3）在单个电力弹簧控制方法的基础上，采用改进粒子群优化算法，结合多智能体技术，提出了多个电力弹簧的协同控制策略，实现多电力弹簧灵活控制及稳定可靠运行，保证有源配电网电压、频率稳定；（4）将改进电力弹簧控制方法，应用到有源配电网负荷控制、能量管理、虚拟储能等方面，切实提高有源配电网的稳定性、可靠性、灵活性及经济性。通过本项目的研究，为实现分布式能源大量接入配电网运行提供必要的理论基础与技术支持。