有源配电网的有功与无功协调控制研究

With large-scale adjustable resources (such as distributed generation, energy storage and flexible load) being integrated into distribution network, the conventional reactive distribution network will gradually evolve into the active one. The integration of the adjustable resources lays the foundation for realizing active control and management of the active distribution network, but it causes many difficulties in the regulation and control of the active distribution network as well, due to the dispersion and uncertainty characteristics of the adjustable resources. In addition, it is not practical for active distribution network system to continue adopting the theories and methods of the transmission network system to control the active and reactive power independently, since the active and reactive power flows of the distribution network are coupled strongly relative to the transmission network. Oriented to the active distribution network with large-scale distributed adjustable resources, this project studies the coordination control theories and methods for the active and reactive power, focusing on the coupling mechanism analysis of the active and reactive power, the hierarchical coordinated control framework establishment, the system modeling and the coordinated control scheme design. The work of this project will provide the theoretical reference and technical support for the active distribution network system to accommodate renewable energy and actively participate in the power regulation service of the large power grid.

大规模分布式电源、储能、柔性负荷等可调节资源接入配电网，传统的无源配电网将逐步演化成有源配电网。可调节资源接入为有源配电网实现“主动”控制与管理提供了基础，但可调节资源具有分散性、不确定性等特征，大大增加了有源配电网调控的难度。另外，配电网与输电网不同，配电网的有功与无功潮流具有强耦合性，有源配电网难以沿用面向输电网的有功和无功独立控制理论和方法。本课题面向大规模分布式可调节资源接入的有源配电网环境，研究有功与无功协调控制的相关理论和方法，重点研究：有源配电网的有功与无功耦合机理分析、分层协调框架构建、系统建模以及协调控制策略设计等问题。本项目的研究工作，可为有源配电网接纳新能源以及主动参与大电网功率调节服务提供理论参考与技术支持。

针对包含大规模分布式可调资源的有源配电网，项目团队围绕有功/无功联合经济调度以及分布式协调控制等问题开展了深入的研究工作。主要的研究工作包括：1）考虑有源配电网的源、网、荷特征，提出了上层集中协调、下层分布式协同的整体控制架构；2）考虑到分布式电源功率预测和负荷预测的不确定性，以及有功潮流和无功潮流的强耦合性，提出了基于区间不确定性的有功无功联合调度方法；3）针对分布式可调资源的功率控制问题，提出了基于多智能体的分布式协同控制方法，并将该方法应用于分布式储能系统、分布式光伏群、互联电力系统的功率控制。在国家自然科学基金（51507085）资助下，项目团队发表了学术论文7篇（其中SCI收录6篇，EI收录1篇），获得国家发明专利授权2项。整体上而言，本项研究工作可为有源配电网的调度与控制问题提供理论参考，为配电网实现主动调节提供技术支持。