应用三维声强法现场测量吸声系数的关键技术研究

Reverberation chamber or standing wave tube methods are usually used to measure absorption coefficient in laboratory, but few in situ. Compared with the traditional method, the three-dimensional sound intensity method can measure the absorption coefficient in situ, even that of the oblique incidence. The research of measuring absorption coefficient through three-dimensional sound intensity can improve the acoustic simulation accuracy.The results can also been used in the construction industry, landscape,planning and transportation。. Internationally, sound intensity methods have been used to measure the absorption coefficient in situ. Very differently from the international considerable progress and application, the research on sound intensity has not yet been carried out in our country.Starting from analyzing the status of practical application and scientific research, with the focus on developing the four- microphones real-time sound intensity measurement's system on the absorption coefficient in situ, and with the integrated application of simulation analysis, anechoic chamber testing and field validation. This project was systematically carried out to explore the three-dimensional sound intensity experiment which is suitable for measuring absorption coefficient in situ, and accessed the accuracy contribution factors such as three-dimensional sound intensity system error, testing distance, background noise, testing angle, source characteristics. In addition, the project can provided the basis for the formulation and promotion of the sound intensity method measuring standards on absorption coefficient in situ.

国内吸声系数的测试普遍采用混响室法或筑波管法,混响室法及驻波管法在实验室内测试具有优势，但在现场测试方面则比较受限；与传统方法相比，三维声强法可以直接在现场测出材料或构件等法向及倾斜方向的吸声系数。现场吸声系数的三维声强测试法研究结果不仅可提高三维声学仿真精度；还可为声学材料奠定理论与应用基础；而且其成果可以应用于建筑行业、建筑景观、城市规划及交通运输等行业。. 我国的声强法吸声系数现场测试应用与研究工作尚未开展,与国际上在现场吸声系数测试与开发应用方面取得长足进展形成鲜明反差。本项目从实际需求与科学研究现状的剖析出发，拟以“三维声强法吸声系数测量系统的研制”为关键点，系统探索开展现场吸声系数测试技术的研究，通过获取影响三维声强法测试精度关键因子的优选范围，从而为现场声强法吸声系数的测试标准制定与推广提供理论依据，因此本项目具有重要的实际应用价值和研究意义。

目前国内吸声系数的测试普遍采用混响室法或筑波管法,混响室法及筑波管法在实验室内测试具有优势，但在现场测试方面则比较受限；与传统方法相比，三维声强法可以直接在现场测出材料或构件等法向及倾斜方向的吸声系数。现场吸声系数的三维声强测试法研究结果不仅可提高三维声学仿真精度；还可为声学材料奠定理论与应用基础；而且其成果可以应用于建筑行业、建筑景观、城市规划及交通运输等行业。.我国的声强法吸声系数现场测试应用与研究工作尚未开展,与国际上在现场吸声系数测试与开发应用方面取得长足进展形成鲜明反差。本项目从实际需求与科学研究现状的剖析出发，拟以“四传声器声强法吸声系数测量系统的研制”为关键点，综合应用模拟分析、实验室试验及现场实测验证等方法，系统探索开展适合现场吸声系数测试技术的研究，通过获取影响三维声强法测试精度关键因子如系统误差、测试距离、背景噪声、测试角度、声源特性等的优选范围，进而提出声强法吸声系数现场测试的应用规律，从而为现场声强法吸声系数的测试标准制定与推广提供理论依据，因此本项目具有重要的实际应用价值和研究意义。