山地自然遗产游憩空间布局的约束机制与优化调控研究

In this project, natural heritage sites refer to those formed through the evolution of natural processes, and possessing outstanding universal values from both scientific and aesthetic perspectives. This project takes mountain natural heritage as the research object and the natural heritage of Bogda, which is one of the serial sites of Xinjiang Tianshan, as the research area. Theories of tourism geography, landscape ecology, protection biology, geology and geomorphology will be applied, together with field investigation, remote sensing image analysis, GIS spatial analysis and questionnaire surveys. Based on which, scientific principles and approaches to tourism spatial distribution and heritage protection will be discussed. The following tasks will be undertaken: (1)Spatial and temporal evolvement characteristics of tourism spatial distribution under the constraint of heritage protection in the Bogda natural heritage site will be explored. (2)To protect the integrity and authenticity of natural heritage values, quantitative and qualitative relationships between limiting factors on the protection of mountain heritage site and the spatial pattern, land properties, development intensity of tourism space will be determined. Index system for reflecting constraint mechanism will be established. Zones according to the constraint level for protection of the Bogda natural heritage site will be defined. (3)Based on the investigation on the distribution characteristic of heritage exhibition space and the distribution pattern of protective limiting space with different constraint requirements, scientific principles and approaches to the optimization and regulation of tourism spatial distribution in the natural heritage site of Bogda will be discussed. Ecological compensation and participation mechanism of stakeholders will be investigated to confirm the relationship between the protection of heritage resources and of tourism space. This study explores issues of universal significance and will provide essential theoretical, empirical and practical insights that will support the achievement of the dual functions of protection and exhibition of natural heritage values. It will enrich the contents and theoretical approaches for natural heritage protection in China, and provide a scientific basis for the sustainable development of the study area and other mountain protected areas in China through the development of protection criteria and management regulations that can be used by the departments responsible for the management of protected areas.

自然遗产地是地球演化过程中形成的具有突出科学与保护价值的自然精华区域，本项目以山地自然遗产为研究对象，以"新疆天山"系列提名遗产地的组成之一"博格达"自然遗产地为研究区，以旅游地理学、景观生态学、保护生物学、地质地貌学的相关理论为基础，结合遥感影像分析、GIS空间分析、野外样地实验和问卷调查访谈等技术方法，研究遗产保护约束下的山地自然遗产游憩空间的演变特征，分析山地自然遗产游憩空间布局的保护性限制因子，从遗产安全视角揭示保护性限制因子对山地自然遗产游憩空间布局的约束机制，探讨基于保护性展示的山地自然遗产游憩空间优化调控的方法路径，提出遗产资源保护与游憩空间利益相关者的协调机制。以期丰富我国自然遗产保护的研究内容和理论体系，为遗产地管理机构制定遗产保护标准和游憩空间管理规范提供科学依据，并为我国其它山地类自然保护地的旅游可持续发展提供理论借鉴。

自然遗产地是地球演化过程中形成的具有突出科学与保护价值的自然精华区域，本项目以山地自然遗产为研究对象，以“新疆天山”系列提名遗产地的组成之一“博格达”自然遗产地为研究区，运用旅游地理学、景观生态学、保护生物学、地质地貌学的相关理论，结合遥感影像分析、GIS空间分析、野外样地实验和问卷调查访谈等技术方法，探讨了基于遗产价值保护的山地自然遗产游憩空间布局的科学原理和方法路径。主要研究成果如下：（1）分析了博格达自然遗产地游憩空间的时空演变过程及驱动机制，在遗产保护的限制和旅游经济的驱动下，博格达游憩空间演变特征表现为“核心布局—快速扩张—停滞整顿—外围迁移”。（2）分别从地学价值和生物生态学价值两个方面，探讨了遗产保护性限制因子对游憩空间布局的作用关系，构建了能够反映保护性限制因子对游憩空间布局的约束机制的指标体系，评估划分出不同约束等级的保护性限制空间。（3）评估了博格达遗产地自然景观美景度，分析了遗产展示空间的分布格局，结合不同约束等级的保护性限制空间对游憩空间布局的限制性要求，提出优化调控山地自然遗产游憩空间的方法路径。（4）构建了博格达遗产旅游利益相关者图谱，从社区共管机制、公众参与机制层面探讨了遗产资源保护与游憩空间利益相关者的协调机制。本项目研究具有普遍而重要的现实需求和理论意义，以期实现自然遗产价值保护和展示的双重功能，丰富我国自然遗产保护的研究内容和理论体系，为遗产地管理机构制定遗产保护标准和管理规范提供科学依据，并为我国其它山地类自然保护地的可持续旅游发展提供理论借鉴。