Addiction is a chronic neuronal disorder based on the pathological alterations of neuronal plasticity,including the reconstruction of neuronal morphology, function, as well as the circuitry. Previously studies about the neuronal plasticity in addiction mainly focused on the role of the excitatory transmission of glutamatergic and dopaminergic neurons. Recent studies showed that, GABAergic interneurons, as important inhibitory neurons in the brain, modulate the neuronal circuits and brain functions. The changes of their plasticity play important roles in many pathological and psychiatric disorders. However,the function and the molecular mechanisms of the adaptive changes of the GABAergic transmissions assembled by the interneurons during addiction are barely understood. Here, we will focus on PV and SST, the two main subtypes of interneurons, and combine the optogenetics, morphological tracing of neurons, and the morphine/cocaine addictive behavior models in PV and SST Cre transgenetic mice, to systemically investigate the functions and changes of their plasticity during addiction. Furthermore, we will analysis the transcriptional and translational network of PV and SST interneurons to uncover the underlying mechanisms of the plasticity regulation of these interneurons during addiction. To elucidate these questions will make us understand the neuronal mechanisms of addiction, as well as provide some new ideas and scientific basis for the treatment of drug addiction.
成瘾是一种慢性复发性脑疾病,是以神经可塑性改变为基础的病理性变化,涉及神经元形态和功能的改变和神经环路的重构。以往对药物成瘾中神经元可塑性的研究主要集中于谷氨酸能或多巴胺能神经元兴奋性突触可塑性调控。近几年的研究发现,GABA能中间神经元作为脑内重要的抑制性神经元在调控和整合神经环路和脑功能中起重要作用。它的可塑性在精神疾病等病理过程中发生改变。目前对成瘾药物诱导的中间神经元可塑性的改变及在成瘾中的作用仍不清楚 。本项目将围绕PV和SST这两类最主要的GABA能中间神经元,结合光/化学遗传学,神经元形态失踪,以及吗啡/可卡因成瘾行为学模型,对药物诱导的中间神经元的可塑性改变及其在成瘾中的功能进行研究。并结合中间神经元的转录组和翻译组分析,对成瘾药物诱导的中间神经元可塑性改变的分子机制进行深入谈讨,为成瘾的神经和细胞生物学基础提供理论依据,为成瘾治疗提供新思路。
成瘾药物滥用导致的神经突触功能病理性改变,是成瘾的神经基础。中间神经元在调控兴奋性突触传递和环路整合中发挥关键作用,其异常将导致精神疾病。我们发现吗啡通过激活PrL脑区PV神经元上mu-阿片受体减弱对椎体神经元的抑制,同时通过激活SST神经元上的delta-阿片受体-Rac1信号通路,增强其对PV神经元的抑制,进一步削弱PV对兴奋性神经元的抑制。研究首次揭示了吗啡通过作用于两种中间神经元上不同的阿片受体,以直接和间接的方式,使PrL的兴奋性神经元持续去抑制,促进吗啡奖赏记忆形成。在完成计划任务的情况下,我们进一步研究成瘾记忆长期存在且消退抵抗的机制。记忆提取后基因转录和蛋白翻译引起的突触重塑在记忆再巩固过程中发挥重要作用。我们检测可卡因奖赏记忆提取后不同时间点背侧海马椎体神经元转录组改变,通过WGCNA分析发现神经穿透素Nptx2是枢纽基因。电生理,生化,行为学等研究发现NPTX2通过PTX结构域结合GluA1受体,稳定GluA1膜定位,介导记忆提取引起的兴奋性突触传递增强和奖赏记忆的消退。而背侧海马的DNA羟甲基化酶Tet3在记忆提取后的上调则介导可卡因奖赏记忆的再巩固。我们的研究揭示了介导成瘾记忆形成和再巩固过程中神经元特异的转录调控网络和受体信号转导机制。项目执行期间共发表标注基金号的科研论文9篇。其中以通讯作者在Biological Psychiatry,Molecular Psychiatry,Cerebral Cortex等杂志上发表SCI论文6篇。培养博士4名,硕士1名。研究成果为揭示药物成瘾的神经基础和潜在干预靶点提供理论依据。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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