热带假丝酵母发酵棉粕对肉鸡脂肪代谢的调控机理研究

In broilers production, excessive deposition of fat and metabolic disease of fatty liver negatively affected healthy breeding, chicken quality and export trade, and had brought huge economic losses. In consideration of bio-fermented feed having better regulation effect on lipids metabolism, so the objective of this project is to research regulation mechanism of lipids metabolism through adding fermented cottonseed meal to broilers ration. The project closely combines the advantage of rich cottonseed meal resources in Xinjiang province with the unique nutrient characteristics of probiotics fermented feed, therefore, it has important practical significance for relieving the shortage of protein feed resources, decreasing the feed cost of breeding, and producing green healthy low-fat chicken products. The methods of molecular biology, metabolomics and proteomics will be used in this project to study the mechanism of regulation effects adding Candida tropicalis fermented cottonseed meal of different doses on lipids metabolism in broilers via feeding experiments based on our previous research. Key metabolic pathways and signaling pathways, biomarkers and effect targets will be studied with tissue samples of liver and fat in broilers and its adipose cell to analyze gene expression of fat metabolism, metabolome of small molecule and proteome. Then, the regulation network was built, and further the regulation mechanism of fermented cottonseed meal will be interpreted. The evidence and guidance will be provided for researching the depth development of "omics" feed products and its utilization, healthy breeding, and green animal product after completion of this project.

当前肉鸡生产中存在脂肪过度沉积、代谢性疾病脂肪肝等影响健康养殖、鸡肉品质和出口贸易等对肉鸡生产造成巨大经济损失的重要问题，本项目主要结合生物发酵饲料具有调节脂肪代谢的作用效果，研究酵母发酵棉粕对肉鸡脂肪代谢的调控机理。新疆具有丰富的棉粕资源优势和益生菌发酵饲料的独特营养性，对缓解蛋白饲料资源紧缺、降低养殖饲料成本、生产绿色健康的低脂禽肉产品具有重要的现实意义。本项目在课题组前期研究的基础上，拟采用分子生物学、代谢组学和蛋白组学技术，从热带假丝酵母发酵棉粕不同添加量的肉鸡饲养试验着手，通过肉鸡肝脏和脂肪组织以及肉鸡脂肪细胞的脂肪代谢基因表达、小分子代谢组和蛋白组的系统研究，确立发酵棉粕调控肉鸡脂肪代谢的生物标志物、作用靶点、关键代谢途径和信号通路，构建代谢网络，进而揭示其调控机理。该项研究为发酵饲料这一“组学型”饲料产品深度开发利用、动物健康养殖及其绿色产品生产提供依据和指导。

当前肉鸡生产中存在脂肪过度沉积等影响健康养殖和鸡肉品质的问题，这会对肉鸡生产造成巨大的经济损失。新疆具有丰富的棉粕资源优势和益生菌发酵饲料的独特营养性，对缓解蛋白饲料资源紧缺、降低养殖饲料成本、生产绿色健康的低脂禽肉产品具有重要的现实意义。本研究采用分子生物学、代谢组学、16S rRNA和蛋白组学技术，从热带假丝酵母发酵棉粕不同添加量的肉鸡饲养试验着手，确定了热带假丝酵母最佳添加剂量，在此基础上研究了肉鸡肝脏和脂肪组织的脂肪代谢基因表达、小分子代谢物、盲肠微生物和蛋白组的变化，确立了发酵棉粕调控肉鸡脂肪代谢的生物标志物、作用靶点、关键代谢途径和信号通路，构建了代谢网络，进而揭示了其调控机理，为发酵棉粕的推广和肉鸡健康养殖提供了重要的理论依据。