高铁接驳系统影响下长江经济带城市集散格局与空间效应研究

High speed-rail (HSR) transfer system, which serves both “node” and “place”, is a system that create complex spatial effect. The system not only stress on the “traffic value as nodes”, undertakes the time-space compression effect of the HSR, and plays a role as the “last kilometer”, but also appreciates its value of city function and creates a healthy city space. This project takes the Yangtze River Economic Belt as an example, GIS spatial analysis as spatial syntax technique and the “point axis zone” spatial diffusion theory, “last kilometer” time-space compression effect as the starting point, the urban spatial effect as the core point. This project is closely linked to “node- place” double effect of HSR transfer system, based on the geography research paradigm of “pattern-response-mechanism-control, efficiency of the system, and also takes the response of passenger flow for the system as the characterization, spatial effect and mechanism as the essence, space optimization as research purposes. The project not only provides a logical, reasonable, and comprehensive paradigm of HSR transfer system study from the perspective of geography, but also offers knowledge on tackling the problem of lack of traffic facilities in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, as well as urgent need to strengthen the construction of an integrated transport hub.

集“节点”和“场所”于一体的高铁接驳系统是一个能创造复杂空间效应的系统，既强调其“节点交通价值”，发挥高铁“时空压缩最后一公里”效应，又重视其“城市功能价值”，营造健康型城市空间效应。本课题以长江经济带为案例，借助GIS 空间分析和空间句法等技术手段及“点-轴-集聚区”空间扩散等相关理论，以高铁接驳系统的“时空压缩最后一公里”效应为切入点，以其城市空间效应为核心点，紧扣高铁接驳系统的“节点-场所”双重效应，立足地理学“格局-响应-机制-调控”基本研究路径，通过高铁接驳绩效格局为研究基石，高铁流对接驳系统响应为研究表征，空间效应及机理为研究精髓，空间优化调控为研究目的等内容串起整个课题。既为地理学视角提供一个逻辑缜密、层次合理、内容全面的高铁接驳系统研究的科学范式，又为解决长江经济带交通设施的衔接性不足，综合交通枢纽建设亟待加强的紧迫任务提供切实可行的实践参考价值。

集“节点”和“场所”功能于一体的高铁接驳系统既强调其“节点交通价值”，发挥“时空压缩最后一公里”效应，又重视其“城市功能价值”，营造健康型城市空间效应。本课题以长江经济带为案例，借鉴节点-场所理论、腹地模型、重心转移模型、引力模型、随机森林模型等理论模型，运用社会网络分析、SPSS分析、GIS空间分析、百度热力分析、可达性测算等研究方法，分析高铁接驳系统影响下长江经济带集散格局及其空间效应。首先，构建高铁接驳绩效测度模型测度长江经济带高铁接驳绩效及分异特征，评估城市接驳系统承接“时空压缩最后一公里”效应程度及作用机制；其次，基于城市群2h交通圈、城镇化、旅游空间等多重视角，侧重从区域空间尺度分析高铁“时空压缩”效应下可达性格局变化，进而分析其腹地格局、经济联系等演变特征，继而转向城市空间尺度，识别站区空间发展形态及活力响应，并构建城市重心转移指数模型，剖析高铁枢纽驱动下城市空间扩展效应特征及驱动机制；最后，构建耦合协调度模型衡量站区节点和场所功能发展现状及类型，基于此提出科学建设高铁接驳系统及合理推进城市空间发展的优化路径及政策建议，为解决长江经济带交通设施衔接性不足、加强综合交通枢纽建设、营造健康型城市空间效应等提供实践参考。