Both chronic endoplasmic reticulum stress (ER Stress) and acute ER stress seriously impact on human health, as chronic ER stress induces hyperglycemia while acute ER stress leads to hypoglycemia. Studies indicated that hepatic mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase-3 (MKP-3) could control blood glucose level by regulating gluconeogenesis. Our previous studies also revealed that acute ER stress down-regulated the protein level of MKP-3, while chronic ER stress stimulated the gene expression of MKP-3. However, further studies are needed to explore whether both kinds of ER stress control gluconeogenesis by regulating the expression of MKP-3 and how MKP-3 is regulated by ER stress. In this project, we will firstly confirm that acute ER stress down-regulates gluconeogenesis and the protein level of MKP-3, while chronic ER stress stimulates gluconeogenesis and the expression of MKP-3, both in primary mouse hepatocytes and mice. And then, MKP-3 gene knock-out primary hepatocytes and mice will be used to confirm whether the process of ER stress regulating gluconeogenesis can be blocked by MKP-3 gene knock-out. Lastly, XBP1 and C/EBPβ genes will be knocked down in primary hepatocytes, respectively, to explore whether acute ER stress down-regulates MKP-3 protein level through XBP1 pathway and chronic ER stress stimulates MKP-3 expression through C/EBPβ pathway. This project will provide innovative pathways for the regulating of hepatic gluconeogenesis, and thus provide new ideas for the therapies on metabolic diseases.
肝脏慢性内质网应激(ERS)引起高血糖症,而急性ERS导致低血糖症,二者均严重影响人类健康。研究表明丝裂原活化蛋白激酶磷酸酶3(MKP-3)调节糖异生,从而控制血糖水平。前期结果证实急性ERS降低MKP-3的蛋白水平;而慢性ERS上调其基因表达。但MKP-3是否参与ERS调控糖异生的过程,以及ERS如何调控MKP-3的表达,有待进一步研究。项目首先在原代肝细胞和小鼠肝脏中明确急性和慢性ERS对MKP-3的表达和糖异生情况的影响。然后以基因敲除的原代肝细胞和小鼠为模型,验证MKP-3基因敲除是否阻断ERS调控糖异生的过程。最后,在原代肝细胞中分别敲低XBP1和C/EBPβ的基因表达,分析急性ERS是否通过XBP1下调MKP-3的蛋白水平,而慢性ERS是否通过C/EBPβ促进MKP-3的转录表达。项目以期完善ERS调控糖异生的具体机制,给肥胖和糖尿病等代谢疾病的研究和治疗提供新的思路与方向。
高血糖症和糖尿病影响人类健康,而中毒性低血糖症可导致动物休克。肝脏糖异生是动物调节血糖水平的重要途径。因此,对糖异生调控机制的研究具有重要意义。课题组前期研究表明,丝裂原活化蛋白激酶磷酸酶3(MKP-3)对肝脏糖异生具有重要调控作用。本项目通过细胞试验和小鼠试验研究了“肝脏中毒抑制糖异生的分子机制”以及“肝脏瘦素信号抑制糖异生的分子机制”。研究结果表明,衣霉素(TM)显著诱导肝细胞和正常小鼠肝脏内质网应激(ERS)相关的基因和蛋白表达,降低细胞葡萄糖输出和小鼠血糖水平,抑制肝脏糖异生基因的表达。进一步研究表明,TM处理降低肝细胞和肝脏中MKP-3蛋白水平,而Mkp-3基因敲除可阻断TM抑制糖异生的过程。内质网应激相关激酶(PERK)激活可促进MKP-3蛋白的降解,而PERK的抑制剂可阻断TM降低MKP-3蛋白的过程。在瘦素信号通路方面,肝瘦素信号的激活抑制了肝细胞和肥胖小鼠肝脏的糖异生,改善了肥胖小鼠的高血糖症、胰岛素耐量和糖耐量。在肝细胞和小鼠肝脏中,瘦素信号通路均可降低MKP-3蛋白水平。Mkp-3基因缺失消除了肝瘦素信号通路对肝细胞糖异生的抑制作用。信号传导及转录激活蛋白(STAT)3可降低MKP-3蛋白水平,而失活STAT3可阻断瘦素信号通路对肝细胞MKP-3蛋白水平降低作用。此外,STAT3可与MKP-3和磷酸化的细胞外调节蛋白激(ERK)1/2结合,诱导MKP-3的降解,而瘦素信号激活增强其结合。因此,TM诱导的肝脏中毒可能通过ERS的PERK通路促进MKP-3蛋白降解来抑制肝脏糖异生,从而导致动物低血糖症;而肝瘦素信号通路可能通过STAT3来增强MKP-3和ERK1/2结合,从而降低MKP-3蛋白水平,抑制糖异生,缓解高血糖症。研究结果可为将来进一步开发调控肝脏糖异生的药物提供理论依据,对人类和动物健康具有重要的科学意义。项目已发表1篇高水平SCI论文,待发表论文2篇;培养研究生3名;邀请外国专家学术报告2场;项目负责人获教育部霍英东青年教师基金和国家重点研发计划青年科学家项目。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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