多泥沙河流湿地生态系统水资源利用效用评价

The evolution of wetland ecosystem depends on the wetland water storage and consumption. Understanding wetland water resources utilization structure and evaluating water use efficiency are of great significance for ecological protection and restoration. This research takes the typical multi-sediment area in the middle reaches of the Yellow River - the riverine wetland of Sanmenxia reservoir as a case study to systematically analyze the succession characteristics of hydrological processes. We reveal the driving mechanism of ecological evolution under climate change and human activities. This study focuses on understanding the process and content of ecological service function, and why the ecological service function relocates. We construct the evaluation index system of ecological service function, and understand how hydrological processes and reservoir utilization have impacted the ecological service function. Despite this efforts, we quantify eco-environmental water demand by functional method to realize structural decomposition of water consumption for multi-sediment area. Based on identification of coupling between eco-environmental water demand and ecological service function, we propose the evaluation method of water resources utilization efficiency, which provides a scientific basis for the protection and management of multi-sediment area.

湿地水资源的存储和消耗决定着湿地生态系统的演变过程，了解湿地水资源利用结构，评价水资源利用效用对于湿地生态保护与修复具有重要意义。本研究选取黄河中游典型多泥沙河流湿地—三门峡库区湿地为研究区域，系统分析湿地生态水文过程演替特征，揭示气候变化和人类活动影响下湿地生态演变驱动机制；厘清多泥沙河流湿地生态服务功能过程和内容，构建湿地生态服务功能价值评估指标体系，识别湿地主导生态服务功能转移原因，探明水文过程、水库运用方式对生态服务功能变化的影响机理；采用功能法量化湿地生态环境需水量，实现多泥沙河流湿地生态环境用水结构分解；基于湿地生态环境需水量与生态服务功能间的耦合关系辨识，提出湿地生态系统水资源利用效用评价方法，为多泥沙湿地保护和管理提供科学依据。

本研究选取黄河中游典型多泥沙河流湿地—三门峡库区湿地为研究区域，系统分析了湿地生态水文过程演替特征，揭示了气候变化和人类活动影响下湿地生态演变驱动机制；厘清了多泥沙河流湿地生态服务功能过程和内容，系统分析了湿地近40年的演变特征，全面诊断了湿地生态系统健康状况，构建了湿地生态服务功能价值评估指标体系，识别了湿地主导生态服务功能转移原因，探明了水文过程、水库运用方式对生态服务功能变化的影响机理；采用功能法量化了湿地生态环境需水量，实现了多泥沙河流湿地生态环境用水结构分解；辨识了湿地生态环境需水量与生态服务功能间的耦合关系，提出了湿地生态系统水资源利用效用评价方法，评价了湿地生态系统水资源利用效用，研究成果可以为多泥沙湿地保护和管理提供相应的科学依据。