基于超分子主客体相互作用的界面摩擦调控研究

The friction controlled surface materials have wide application prospect in new and high technology fields such as intelligent robot, micro-electromechanical systems. In this study, surface lubrication performance will be improved by supramolecular host-guest recognition at solid surface, and the macroscopic frictional coefficient will be regulated by external stimuli such as light, thermal, and pH etc. The influences of chemical composition, hydration, and assembly density of guest molecule on friction behaviors will be studied to obtain the terminal condition of lubrication failure, and the frictional coefficients will be regulated successively through the dehydration and disassembly of guest macromolecule when applying external stimuli. This study will reveal the water lubrication mechanism of hydrophilic polymer based on intrinsic relationship between host-guest recognition at interface and lubrication behavior, and provide the related theory and technique for the preparation of stimuli-sensitive intelligent materials.

表面摩擦调控材料在智能机器人、微电子机械系统等高新技术领域具有广泛的应用前景。本课题拟通过超分子主客体界面识别组装作用改善摩擦界面的润滑性能，并通过外界刺激（如光、热、pH等）实现界面摩擦系数的宏观调控。系统研究客体大分子化学组成、水化程度、组装密度等因素对界面润滑性能的影响，获得此类超分子主客体识别界面润滑失效边界条件。通过外界刺激实现响应性客体大分子在组装表面的水化-去水化和组装-解组装调控，进而实现表面摩擦系数连续双刺激可逆调控。通过本课题的研究阐明超分子主客体作用与界面润滑之间的内在联系，揭示亲水性聚合物水润滑机理，为制备刺激-敏感智能材料提供理论依据和技术支撑。

低摩擦系数的水润滑材料成为摩擦学领域的一大研究热点。人们通过构筑各类软物质材料，包括水凝胶，微凝胶，聚合物刷等材料制备超润滑材料。本项目是将超分子化学材料引入摩擦学领域，将主体分子环糊精修饰到固体表面，通过主客体间特异性识别将亲水型客体分子组装到固体表面，以获取高承载、低摩擦超分子界面材料。本项目中主要考察了主体分子修饰方法，客体分子种类，分子构型及修饰密度对表面摩擦学性能影响，逐步解决初始超分子界面摩擦系数大，承载能力低的问题，确定最佳的超分子表面构筑方法。同时，基于超分子主客体间的非共价键作用，实现超分子界面摩擦自修复。最后，依据仿生学原理和界面超分子作用，将温敏性聚合物聚N-异丙基丙烯酰胺（pNIPAM）修饰到表面，实现固体表面水下“粘-滑”调控。本项目研究拓展了超分子材料在摩擦学领域的应用，为开发响应型低摩擦水润滑材料提供新的研究思路和技术方案。项目主要成果在Nat .Commun. Adv. Mater. Langmuir，摩擦学学报等上发表论文9篇。