铜熔渣喷吹地沟油还原贫化的基础研究

Based on the ubiquitous situation that metallurgical processes need lots of reducing agent, combined with the characteristics that waste cooking oil will produce a large number of reducing gases by thermal cracking, A new idea of using dilution furnace to achieve the copper slag depletion by injecting waste cooking oil is put forward, which could explore a new road of the recycling use of waste cooking oil and a new method of copper smelting slag depletion. Centering on the complicated chemical reactions in the process of copper smelting slag depletion by waste cooking oil, the pyrolysis ways of C–C, C-H, C-O of organic macromolecules, the influence law of dynamic factors on pyrolysis products, the collaborative reduction mechanism of C and H for magnetic iron, the catalyzed performance of Fe, Cu and Ni for waste cooking oil cracking, dynamic behavior of interfacial reaction, the influence law of the composition and the surface characteristics of copper smelting slag to the migration, gather and sedimentation of copper matte droplets. The two key scientific questions will be researched: firstly, the thermal cracking mechanism of organic macromolecular waste cooking oil at the complicated environment of high temperature molten pool and regulation rules of pyrolysis products. Secondly, the interaction reaction mechanism of the copper smelting slag depletion by different components of waste cooking oil cracking production and interfacial reaction dynamic. Then reveal the mechanism of copper smelting slag low carbon depletion based on injecting waste cooking oil. Through the research from this project, it is of great significance to find a new approach for economic, environmental and large-scale use of waste cooking oil. At the same time, it riches the new connotation of low carbon metallurgy.

项目针对火法冶炼过程普遍存在对还原剂大量需求的实际，结合地沟油高温热裂解过程会产生还原性气体的特性，提出了在贫化电炉中喷吹经过预处理的地沟油实现铜熔渣贫化的新思路，探寻一种铜熔渣低碳贫化与地沟油资源化利用相结合的新方法。项目紧紧围绕地沟油中有机大分子C-C、C-H、C-O键的断键途径，动力学条件调控对裂解产物导向的影响规律，多组元裂解产物协同还原磁性铁机制，铜渣中Fe、Cu、Ni元素的催化裂解效应，界面反应过程动力学行为，熔渣组成及表面特性变化对熔渣中铜锍微滴的迁移、聚结和沉降的影响规律等内容的研究，重点解决高温熔池复杂环境中的地沟油热裂解机制及产物分布的导向调控规律、多组元热裂解产物贫化铜渣的交互反应行为与界面反应动力学两个关键科学问题，揭示铜熔渣喷吹地沟油低碳贫化的机制。通过本项目的研究，将为探寻地沟油经济、环保、规模化利用的新途径，以及丰富低碳冶金的新内涵均具有重要的理论和现实意义。

针对地沟油当前难以合理规模化利用的现状以及高温热裂解过程会产生大量还原性气体的特性，结合冶金行业普遍存在对还原剂需求的实际，本项目提出利用在贫化电炉中喷吹经过预处理的地沟油实现铜熔渣贫化的新思路，探寻一种地沟油资源化利用的新途径和铜熔渣低碳贫化的新方法。项目首先研究了地沟油高温裂解规律，明确了地沟油高温裂解产物及磁性铁对地沟油裂解的影响；其次对地沟油还原特性展开研究，揭示了以地沟油为还原剂作用于铜熔渣贫化过程的反应规律；随后对铜熔渣渣型进行合理调控；最后探讨了贫化过程铜熔渣中铜、铁组分的聚集沉降与转化特点；掌握了贫化过程中物相结构转变特点及铜锍颗粒的沉降规律。该项目对实现地沟油资源化利用，减少其带来的环境污染和健康隐患，实现循环经济具有重要意义，同时也将为低碳冶金新技术的发展提供一个良好的技术思路。