The producing of intracellular soluble Aβis one of the most upstream mechanism in the pathogenesis of AD. The intracellular soluble Aβplays a toxic role by inhibiting the function of BK channel. Studies confirmed that Homer1a is the key factor to lift the suppression of BK channel function. Electric shock can increase homer1a expression and activate BK channel in AD mice brains. But the application of electric shock in clinical treatment is infeasible. We found that transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) can increase homer1a expression in the brain of depression mice. The rTMS is noninvasive thus has good clinical applicability. There is no report on the impact of rTMS on the expression of homer1a and its action on the function of BK channel in the brain of AD mice. We proposed: If the rTMS is used to treat AD mice, rTMS may lift the suppression of BK channel function by inducing the expression of homer1a, thereby block the most upstream mechanism of AD pathogenesis. The effect of rTMS is expectable. Clinical studies of rTMS treatment on AD and results of preliminary experiments provided strong evidence to support our proposal. This project intends to use rTMS on AD mice to study the expression of homer1a and the changes of BK channel function from various aspects, the homer1a knockout AD mice will be used to verify this idea. To recapitulate the clinical practice, old AD mice will be used to test the therapeutic effect of rTMS treatment. This study will provide important implications for the treatment of AD and give new ideas for drug development of AD.
细胞内Aβ是AD发病的最上游机制之一。胞内Aβ通过抑制BK channel(BK)功能发挥毒性作用。研究证实,Homer1a是解除BK 功能抑制的关键因子。电休克能诱发AD鼠脑homer1a增加而活化BK。但电休克临床可行性差。我们发现经颅磁刺激(rTMS)可诱导抑郁症小鼠脑homer1a增加。rTMS无创,临床适用性强。rTMS对AD小鼠脑homer1a及BK的影响迄今并无相关研究。我们推测:若将rTMS用于AD治疗,rTMS可通过诱导homer1a增加,解除BK功能抑制,阻断AD发病的最上游机制,效果值得期待。rTMS治疗AD的临床研究以及预实验结果为本实验思路提供了佐证。本课题拟用rTMS刺激AD小鼠,多方面研究homer1a及BK功能变化,并用homer1a敲除小鼠进行验证,另对老年AD小鼠进行rTMS以更贴近临床。本研究可为AD的机制性治疗提供靶点,为AD治疗药物的研发提供思路。
Alzheimer 病(AD)是60岁以上老人痴呆的主要原因。目前全球约有3500万患者。AD的病理特征是啊Aβ淀粉样蛋白沉积形成的老年斑(SP),过度磷酸化的tau蛋白形成的神经原纤维(NFT)缠结及进行性神经元脱失。研究证实,细胞内Aβ1-42毒性最大,在老年斑出现前就已引发突触减少,是AD发病机制的扳机点。它通过对BK channel功能的抑制,诱发神经元的高兴奋性和谷氨酸过度释放而导致兴奋毒性神经元损伤;还影响了突触可塑性,抑制LTP并易化LTD的产生。研究显示, homer1a可以通过重新活化Aβ阻滞的BK channel而对早期Aβ的神经元毒性起治疗作用。rTMS在临床进行的多项研究中都可以改善AD 患者的记忆功能,命名及语言功能,对轻度及中重度AD均有明显的治疗作用。而这种治疗作用的机制目前并不清楚。. 3xTgAD 模型小鼠是一种APP,tau及presenilin三转基因动物模型,在这种小鼠脑内发现了细胞内可溶性Aβ的存在而尚未形成老年斑及神经原纤维缠结,因此,是研究细胞内Aβ的理想模型。我们对3xTgAD小鼠进行rTMS干预,对各组小鼠进行行为学观察,主要是morris 水迷宫和 fear condition 恐惧实验的观察,另外,对各组小鼠进行神经电生理的研究,主要是神经细胞兴奋性,膜电位和动作电位宽度的研究,以及突触可塑性方面的研究;利用分子生物学技术如RT-PCR及Western-blot对相关的基因及蛋白质的表达进行研究;利用免疫组化技术对BK channel, BDNF,Aβ等的表达进行形态学观察。. 研究发现,3xTg AD小鼠与同基因背景的野生型小鼠相比,在行为学、组织学等方面均上有差异。rTMS刺激后可改善行为学表现。我们的研究结果表明rTMS可诱发homer1a表达明显增高,通过诱导homer1a高表达,活化BK channel, 易化LTP而实现其治疗作用的。这一研究结果阐明了rTMS治疗AD的重要机制之一,为AD 的治疗寻找新的切入点。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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