准入规制与企业创新：影响识别、潜在机制与政策有效性分析

Enterprise innovation is an important driving force for high-quality economic development. How to promote corporate innovation through the formulation of policies has been widely concerned by the academic community. Market failures and excessive regulation can inhibit corporate innovation. The existing literature mainly analyzes the impact of government policies on corporate innovation from the perspective of mitigating market failure. This project intends to according to the practice of China's relaxation of access regulation reforms, and analyze the impact of government policies on corporate innovation from the perspective of deregulation. Relaxation of access regulations will lead to changes in the market's competitive environment. Schumpeter, Arrow and Aghion theoretically analyzed the impact of market competition on corporate innovation. Based on this, The project builds access regulation indicators by manually sorting out the list of various access regulation policies implemented by the Chinese government, and establish enterprise innovation indicators by matching various enterprise-level data and patent data of National Intellectual Property Administration. On this basis, the project will study: (1) the impact of loose access regulation on enterprise innovation; (2) the potential mechanism of loose access regulation affecting enterprise innovation (3) Analysis of the effectiveness of policy of access regulation to promote enterprise innovation. Through the above research, this project will accurately identify the impact of relaxed access regulations on corporate innovation and its underlying mechanisms. and answer the important policy issue of how to promote enterprise innovation through access regulation policies.

企业创新是经济高质量发展的重要推动力。如何制定政策促进企业创新一直是学术界关注的重要问题。市场失灵和管制过多均可能抑制企业创新。现有文献主要从缓解市场失灵的角度分析政府政策对企业创新的影响。本项目将根据中国放松准入规制改革的实践，从放松规制的角度分析政府政策对企业创新的影响。放松准入规制将导致市场竞争环境的变化，熊彼特、阿罗和阿吉翁等在理论上分析了市场竞争对企业创新的影响。基于此，本项目通过手动整理中国政府颁布的各类准入规制政策目录构建准入规制指标，同时通过匹配各类企业级数据和国家知识产权局的专利数据构建企业创新指标。在此基础上本项目将研究：（1）放松准入规制对企业创新的影响；（2）放松准入规制影响企业创新的潜在机制；（3）准入规制促进企业创新的政策有效性分析。通过上述研究，本项目将严谨识别放松准入规制对企业创新的影响及其潜在机制，并回答如何通过准入规制政策促进企业创新这一重要政策问题。

本项目通过手动整理中国政府颁布的各类准入规制政策目录构建准入规制指标，同时通过匹配各类企业级数据和国家知识产权局的专利数据构建企业创新指标，对以下问题进行了讨论：（1）准入政策对企业创新的影响及其机制；（2）准入规制对企业策略性行为的影响；（3）准入规制对企业利润率的动态影响。同时我们也对与原计划相关的问题进行了拓展性讨论，这些问题主要包括：（1）国企改革、准入规制与企业创新之间的关系；（2）二级公路准入变化对货物运输的影响；（3）地方政府官员的动机如何影响政策的实施；（4）准入规制与价格规制之间的关系。本项目的研究有利于更深刻的理解规制与竞争之间的关系，并为我国准入政策改革提供了重要借鉴。