帕累托最优导向的城市道路时空资源配置理论与方法

The time-space resources of an urban road system are the passing time and road space which are allocated for different road users in order to guarantee safety and improve efficiency. Pareto optimality is a kind of ideal state which describes resource allocation. Under the state, the existing time-space resources of an urban road system are effectively allocated, according to the priority sequence and weight of different traffic flows. This study denotes that the time-space resources allocation of an urban road system can obtain a kind of Pareto optimality state by coordinating the road channelization design and the signal timing design, and this optimal state depends on the optimum combination of space design parameters, signal phase plan and time control parameters. However, the channelization scenario of an urban road system is often stable during a longer period. Consequently, by integrating the design of short lanes, variable lanes and waiting areas with signal timing, we aim at seeking the theory and methods for the time-space resources allocation of an urban road system which tends towards Pareto optimality. Using the research clue of which is from simplicity to complication and gradual deepness, the models and algorithms of the time-space resources allocation will be formulated or designed for a single intersection, a pair of intersections, an arterial intersection group and a regional intersection group, respectively. Furthermore, the strategy and procedure of the optimum time-space resources allocation which tends towards Pareto optimality will be developed for an urban road system. The research achievements can be used for the time-space resources optimization of an urban road system, help to improve the operational efficiency of an urban road network and provide the effective theory, model and method for relieving urban traffic congestion and jam.

城市道路时空资源是指为保障安全、提高效率而分配给不同道路交通参与者的通行时间和道路空间。帕累托最优是描述资源分配的理想状态，在该状态下现有道路时空资源根据不同方向交通流的优先顺序或权重大小进行有效分配。本研究认为城市道路时空资源配置能通过协调道路渠化设计和信号配时设计来达到帕累托最优状态，该状态取决于空间设计参数、信号相位方案和时间控制参数的最佳组合。然而，道路渠化设计方案往往具有较长期的稳定性。鉴于此，通过整合设计短车道、可变车道和待转区及信号配时，本项目拟寻求以帕累托最优为导向的城市道路时空资源配置理论与方法，本着从简单到复杂、逐步深入的研究思路，依次对单个交叉口、成对交叉口、干线交叉口群和区域交叉口群建立时空资源优化模型，并提出帕累托最优导向的道路时空资源最佳配置策略。研究成果能用于城市道路时空资源优化，有助于提高城市道路网运行效率，为解决城市交通拥堵问题提供有效的理论、模型和方法。

城市道路时空资源是指为保障安全、提高效率而分配给不同道路交通参与者的通行时间和道路空间。帕累托最优是描述资源分配的理想状态，此状态下现有道路时空资源根据不同方向交通流的优先顺序或权重大小进行有效分配。本研究认为城市道路时空资源配置能通过协调道路渠化设计和信号配时设计来达到帕累托最优状态，该状态取决于空间设计参数、信号相位方案和时间控制参数的最佳组合。然而，道路渠化设计方案往往具有较长期的稳定性。.为此，以帕累托最优为导向，整合设计短车道、可变车道、待转区、调头开口及相位相序、信号配时、协调方案，本项目提出了城市道路时空资源配置理论及方法。采用由简至繁、逐步深入的研究思路，面向单个交叉口、成对交叉口、干线交叉口群和区域交叉口群构建了交叉口（群）时空资源配置的帕累托最优化模型体系，并且基于帕累托最优设计了城市道路时空资源最佳配置策略。这一策略将具有瞬时性的帕累托最优解转成具有相对稳定性的道路时空资源分配方案，实现了数学模型应用于工程实践的目的。.研究成果能用于城市道路时空资源优化，有助于提高城市道路网运行效率，不仅可有效降低车辆延误而且可有效减少交通排放，能为解决城市交通拥堵问题提供有效的理论、模型和方法。.依托本项目，共发表学术论文20篇（含录用5篇，其中SCI收录9篇、EI或CSCD收录8篇），获授权国家发明专利6项，登记软件著作权2项，编著并出版教材1部，培养博士生3人、硕士生14人。