重载铁路桥上曲线地段车线系统动力响应及线路平面参数优化研究

The target of the world rail freight transport is heavy haul railway, which is also an important technique to improve the railway transport capacity in China. With the construction of Jinzhongnan, Mengxi to Huazhong and other coal-dedicated lines, heavy haul railway has to use the elevated bridges and adjacent curves to cross mountains. According to the existing heavy haul railway operation experiences, the curve sections on elevated bridges, especially the continuous reverse curve sections, has become the weakest links for railway operation and maintenance, and even results in some potential risk. This research focus on the curve sections of elevated bridges and based on the dynamic interaction between vehicle, track and bridges, a heavy haul railway vehicle-route system model is developed. This dynamic model is verified with some field testing results and can be used for the route alignment analysis. Using the theoretical analysis and field testing results, the dynamic responses of the vehicle-route system for different route alignments are studied. Combining the safety and stable indices of the running vehicle and the dynamic performances of the bridges and track, the route alignment optimization and matching principle can be put forwarded. This research can provide some theoretical and technical support for heavy haul railway new line design and the exiting line rehabilitation.

重载铁路是世界各国铁路货运发展的方向，也是我国加速提高铁路运输能力的重要途径。随着我国晋中南、蒙西至华中等煤运通道的建设，重载铁路将不得不采用大量高架结构和连续曲线穿越艰难山区。根据既有重载铁路运营经验来看，桥上曲线地段，特别是连续反向曲线地段，已成为铁路运营、养护维修的薄弱环节，甚至危及行车安全。针对这一问题，本课题以重载铁路桥上曲线地段为研究对象，从重载列车和桥梁轨道动态相互作用出发，建立适用于线路线形参数分析的重载铁路桥上曲线地段车线系统动力学模型，并通过相应试验手段验证模型有效性。采用理论分析与现场试验相结合的方法，研究分析不同线路条件下车线系统的动力响应，以车辆运行安全平稳性为核心，并结合桥梁、轨道动力性能评估，得到桥上曲线地段线路平面参数优化及匹配原则。为我国重载铁路新线设计及既有线路扩能改造提供理论和技术保障。

重载铁路已被国际公认为铁路货运发展的方向，随着重载货车轴重和运输速度的不断提高，货车与线路之间的动力相互作用显著增强，线路平面设计参数与运营安全和动力性能之间的关系愈加密切。本项目采用理论分析与现场试验相结合的手段，对桥上曲线地段车线系统动力性能开展研究，主要工作和成果如下：1）在考虑重载铁路车辆、线路、桥梁特征的基础上建立了重载铁路桥上曲线地段车线系统动力学模型，分析了考虑桥墩参振和不考虑桥墩参振的桥上曲线地段车线系统动力响应。2）结合山西中南部铁路通道试验，选取桥上曲线半径800m和1200m工况，开展了30t轴重重载铁路现场测试，由测试结果发现增大曲线半径可以有效减小30t轴重列车引起的桥梁、轨道结构动力响应。3）利用Simpack软件建立了重载铁路车线系统动力学模型，分析了货车运行过程中脱轨系数、轮重减载率等安全性指标随曲线半径的变化规律。综合以上研究，在考虑车线系统动力性能、行车安全性指标及钢轨磨耗等条件的前提下，建议速度目标值120km/h的重载铁路，最小曲线半径不应小于800m。4）在科研成果、人才培养等方面取得了显著成果。在核心期刊和会议上发表文章7篇，申请专利1项，培养研究生4名。相关成果获中国铁道学会科学技术三等奖1项、中国铁路工程总公司科学技术一等奖1项。