机械作用下低能-微纳层超疏水效应的耐久机制研究

Mechanical durability is the bottleneck for the application of super-hydrophobic coatings. The existing strategies for improving the durability are to strengthen the micro-nano structures and to preserve low surface energy components. These strategies are not suitable for the hydrophilic substrate. In this research, a method of "anodic oxidation-directional migration deposition" is proposed for preparing a low surface energy-micro/nano symbiotic layer, and the bottleneck is dealt with from the point of view of the boundary lubrication effect, and the behavior and mechanism of boundary friction/lubrication of the low surface energy-micro/nano layer under mechanical action are studied emphatically. The relationship between superwetting and superlubrication is revealed. The friction behavior of superhydrophobic coating under working conditions is revealed. The solid-solid contact model of the low energy-micro/nano layer is studied, and the influence of load conditions and relative motion on contact behavior will be disclosed. The evolution of the composition and structure of the low energy-micro/nano layer under the action of mechanical friction is studied, and the mechanism of wear failure will be expounded. The relationship between durability and structure of the low energy-micro/nano superhydrophobic coating will be revealed, and the effect of low energy components on durability will be disclosed. This research offers a new way to improve the durability of superhydrophobic coatings. It can provide theoretical guidance for design, preparation and application of durable superhydrophobic coatings and having important scientific significance and application.

机械耐久性问题限制着超疏水涂层的应用。现有策略是通过强化微纳结构和“稳固”低能成分以提高耐久性，但难以解决亲水基超疏水涂层耐久性问题。本项目提出“阳极氧化-定向迁移沉积”法制备低能-微纳共生层，从低能-微纳层的边界润滑效应角度切入，重点研究低能-微纳层在机械作用下的边界摩擦/润滑行为和机理，解决超疏水涂层的耐久性问题，揭示超浸润与超润滑之间的关系，揭示工况下超疏水涂层的摩擦行为。研究低能微纳层固-固表面接触模型，探明载荷条件和相对运动情况对接触行为的影响。研究机械摩擦作用下低能-微纳层的成分与结构的演变，阐明磨损失效机制；揭示低能-微纳层超疏水耐久性与结构的构效关系，探明低能成分对耐久性的影响。本项目为超疏水涂层耐久性问题的解决提供新思路和新技术，为亲水基材料的耐久超疏水涂层设计、制备与应用提供理论指导，具有重要的科学意义与应用价值。

耐久性问题是超疏水表面应用的一大障碍。本项目提出通过构筑低能-微纳共生层解决耐久性问题的策略，并系统研究了低能-微纳层的性能、行为、构效关系、生长机制和耐久机制。研究内容主要有以下几个方面：1）外向生长型低能-微纳层的构筑、耐久性与机制研究；2）内向生长型低能-微纳层的构筑、耐久性与机制研究；3）巢穴结构层的润湿性能转换关键因素研究；4）耐磨自润滑超疏水层的构筑、耐久性与机制研究。本项目在以下几个方面取得了进展：1）外向生长型低能-微纳层的构筑、结构、成分和性能，以及它们之间的关系；2内向生长型巢穴结构低能-微纳层的构筑；3）巢穴结构低能-微纳层的耐久性及其机制；4）巢穴结构层的润湿性能转换关键因素；5）低能-微纳层的成分与结构演变和构效关系；6）耐磨超疏水层的构筑、结构、成分和性能，以及它们之间的关系。实现了以下几个目标：1）实现了外向生长式和内向生长式两种类型低能物质-微纳层的构筑，并探明了其生长机制；2）探明了低能-微纳层的摩擦行为、成分与结构的演变过程；3）揭示了低能-微纳层耐久性与结构的关系；4）揭示了巢穴结构层的润湿性转换机制。