高强耐久木材/微纳米结构超疏水膜仿生构建及界面调控机理

The super-hydrophoic processing on wood is a new method of wood modification to achieve size stabilization, snow protection, low temperature tolerance, mildew proof, anticorrossion and self-cleaning. Bionic construction and interfacial regulation of highly-strong and durable wood/micro-nano super-hydrophoic membrane is the key technology to make all these realized. In this program, with the help of dynamic contact angle analyzer, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, environmental scanning electron microscope, through high living treatment on the surface of wood and membrane material, by means of dendritic organic large molecular, ordered self-assembly of inorganic silicon titanium nanometer particle and bionic construction of highly-strong and durable wood/micro-nano super-hydrophoic membrane can be realized on the basement of wood; taking bionic construction of wood/micro-nano super-hydrophoic membrane as the research object, according to the result of thermodynamics and kinetics as well as molecular dynamics simulation, the bionic construction mechanism can be revealed. On this basis, the main factors that influence interfacial bonding of wood/micro-nano super-hydrophoic membrane will be deeply analyzed, and then the regulating methods which are beneficial to interfacial bonding will be obtained. The rule of regulating method on the enhancement of interfacial bonding strength and durability will be revealed. Interfacial regulation mechanism of highly-strong and durable wood/micro-nano super-hydrophoic membrane will be illustrated, to provide scientific theory guidance with bionic construction and application research of highly-strong and durable wood/ super-hydrophoic.

木材超疏水处理是获得集尺寸稳定化、防雪耐低温、防霉防腐、自清洁为一体的木材功能性改良新途径，高强耐久木材/微纳米结构超疏水膜仿生构建及界面调控是实现超疏水木材各项优异性能的关键。本项目拟使用接触角分析仪、X射线光电子能谱、环境扫描电镜等分析手段，对木材表面及制膜原料进行高活处理，并借助具有氢键识别功能的树枝状有机大分子，导向无机硅、钛系纳米粒子在木材基底上的有序自组装，仿生构建高强耐久木材/微纳米超疏水膜；以木材/微纳米结构超疏水膜仿生构建为研究对象，根据木材/微纳米结构超疏水膜成膜过程的热、动力学及分子动力学模拟的研究结果，揭示仿生构建机理；在此基础上，深入分析影响木材/微纳米结构超疏水膜界面结合的主要因素，获得有利于界面结合的调控方法，揭示调控方法增强界面结合强度和耐久性的规律，阐明木材/微纳米结构超疏水膜界面调控机理,为高强耐久木材/超疏水膜仿生构建及应用研究提供科学理论指导。

高强耐久木材/微纳米结构超疏水膜仿生构建及界面调控是实现超疏水木材各项优异性能的关键。本项目提出一步水热法、气相辅助迁移法、树脂镶嵌仿生涂料等三种方法高效构筑高强耐久超疏水木材，深入探究并揭示了其仿生构建机理及界面调控机理。结果表明一步水热反应获得超疏水结构是通过乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷与钛酸四丁酯共混实现，但获得的超疏水结构与木材的界面结合力差。气相辅助迁移法在制备工艺的角度通过气压驱动提高了超疏水膜层与木材的界面结合力，获得的超疏材可经砂纸打磨、刀子刮刻等破坏。气压驱动力可使纳米粒子与低表面能分子进入木材的内部表面，进而在木材表面及其内部表面构建具有足够厚度与深度的超疏水膜层附着于基材，借此提高超疏水材的稳定性。树脂镶嵌仿生涂料在原料与膜层结构的角度解决了超疏水膜层与木材界面结合力差的问题。将树脂镶嵌仿生涂料涂覆于木材表面后可使木材获得一种树脂镶嵌纳米粒子结构，这种结构将疏水的纳米粒子牢固地固着在木材表面，从而调控了超疏水材的界面结合力。树脂与纳米粒子配比是影响超疏水材性能的关键，优化后获得的超疏水木材可承受胶带反复剥离等苛刻的机械磨损，表现出极强的界面结合力。.在项目的资助下，已在Journal of Materials Chemistry A（IF=8.263）、Applied Surface Science（IF=3.15）等发表学术论文21篇，其中SCI 收录4 篇，EI 收录1篇，会议论文13篇，另有3篇正在SCI期刊审稿。其中，1篇论文被Journal of Materials Chemistry A选为封面论文、热点论文，所涉及的技术受到法国空客、意大利ICA等行业巨头的青睐，日前正商讨合作事宜。申请国家发明专利5件，已获授权3件。参加国内学术会议累计28人次，项目主持人以“高强木材超疏水表面仿生构建与界面调控研究”为主题作大会特邀报告，受到广泛认可。获湖南省科技进步一等奖、全国大学生小平科技创新团队等省级以上奖励与荣誉7项。培养硕士研究生3名，1名研究生赴美国密西西比州立大学攻读博士学位。课题组成员3人晋升副教授。