生态系统服务与居民福祉空间分布耦合模式及机制——以密云水库流域为例

A comprehensive understanding of the relationship between ecosystem services and human wellbeing is the basis to coordinate the relationship between human and nature, but since Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (MA), the study of the relationship between the two still remains in conceptual discussion and framework description. Based on ecosystem services assessment model InVEST (Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Tradeoffs), questionnaire and statistical models methods, etc., this study selected the MiYun Reservoir Basin to carry out an empirical analysis, which is the place with serious tension between human and nature, severe degradation of ecosystem services and greater internal differences of the level of socio-economic development. Firstly, two different scales from township and typical farmers reveal the ecosystem agricultural product provision, water resource supply, sediment retention and water purification services spatial pattern of the basin to clarify the human wellbeing spatial pattern of the basin from natural capital, economic level and subjective feelings; Secondly, the study explores the coupling model on the spatial distribution of the ecosystem services and human wellbeing; Finally, from the perspective of the human livelihoods (livelihood capital, livelihood activities and livelihood consequences), the study clarifies the formation mechanism of different coupling modes of ecosystem services and human well-being. The objectives: The study is to organically connect ecosystem services - human well-being - human livelihood activities and ways to clarify the coupling mode of the regional ecosystem services and the spatial distribution of human wellbeing and the approaches of coupling the two, thus to provide the basis for a scientific understanding of the formation mechanism of human and nature relationship.

全面认识生态系统服务与居民福祉的关系是协调人地关系的基础，但联合国千年生态系统评估以来二者关系的研究仍以概念框架和大尺度描述为主。本研究选取人地关系紧张、生态系统服务退化严重、社会经济发展水平内部差异大的密云水库流域为对象，采用生态系统服务评估模型InVEST、问卷调查和统计模型等方法开展实证分析，首先，从乡镇和典型农户两个尺度，揭示流域生态系统农产品供给、水资源供给、土壤保持、水质净化服务空间格局，从自然资本、经济水平和主观感受三方面阐明流域居民福祉空间格局；其次，探讨生态系统服务和居民福祉在空间分布上的耦合模式；最后，从农户生计（生计资本、生计活动和生计后果）视角，解析生态系统服务与居民福祉不同耦合模式形成机制。其目标是：将生态系统服务-居民福祉-农户生计活动与方式有机联系起来，阐明区域生态系统服务与居民福祉空间分布耦合模式及二者耦合的途径，为科学认识人与自然关系形成机制提供基础。

全面认识生态系统服务与居民福祉的关系是协调人地关系的基础，但联合国千年生态系统评估以来二者关系的研究仍以概念框架和大尺度描述为主。本研究选取人地关系紧张、生态系统服务退化严重、社会经济发展水平内部差异大的密云水库流域为对象，采用生态系统服务评估模型InVEST、问卷调查和统计模型等方法开展实证分析。项目揭示了研究区生态系统服务空间格局；在乡镇、农户两个尺度揭示了生态系统服务与居民福祉的耦合模式及其基本特征；构建了农户生计类型划定和分析的基本框架，从农户生计策略选择的视角，剖析了生态系统服务与居民福祉的耦合机制；建立了流域生态系统服务权衡协调方法。研究成果为通过生态系统服务管理获得多赢结果提供了科学依据。项目研究成果深化了对生态系统服务与居民福祉关系的认识，为认识农户生计策略选择对生态系统的影响提供了新的思路，为通过生态系统服务管理获得多赢结果提供了科学依据。项目发表论文8篇，其中SCI论文7篇。