基于生态系统服务权衡特征的供需匹配方法及实证研究

Matching the supply and demand of multiple ecosystem Services is an important way to improve Human Well-being. A large number of studies have shown that the ecosystem service trade-off characteristics make it more difficult to realize the matching between supply and demand, but its coordination approach provides the possibility to enhance the matching between supply and demand. However, how to fully understand and use the trade-off characteristics and coordination approaches of ecosystem services to improve the matching between supply and demand is still lack of effective methods. Based on the methods of ecosystem field monitoring, assessment model, scenario setting and questionnaire etc., this study selected a small watershed of central mountainous area of Hainan Island to carry out an empirical analysis, which is an important location of ecosystem services in China and has prominent contradiction between ecosystem service supply and demand. Firstly, according to the needs of human well-being(basic material for good life; health; security),we constructed an evaluation index system and evaluation method of ecosystem service supply and demand and identified the matching characteristics of ecosystem service supply and demand. Then, we clarified ecosystem service trade-off characteristics, its formation mechanism and the influence of ecosystem service trade-off relationship on the matching of ecosystem service supply and demand in four scales (grid, land use, catchment and small watershed).Finally, with the ecosystem service flow as a link, we integrated ecosystem service trade-off characteristics, coordination approaches and the relationship of matching between supply and demand and constructed the method of matching ecosystem service supply and demand to provide a scientific method for improving the matching of ecosystem service supply and demand.

实现多种生态系统服务的供需匹配是提高人类福祉的重要途径。大量研究表明：生态系统服务权衡特征增加了供需匹配的难度，但其协调途径又为促进供需匹配提供了可能。然而，在充分认识生态系统服务权衡特征与形成机制基础上，如何利用其协调途径提高多种生态系统服务供需匹配仍缺乏有效手段。本研究以生态系统服务供需失衡的海南中部山区小流域为对象，综合野外监测、评估模型、情景分析、定量权衡等方法，首先，基于居民福祉的基本物质需求、健康、安全等方面构建生态系统服务供需评价指标体系与评价方法，明确生态系统服务供需匹配特征与需求目标；然后，在栅格、地块、集水区和小流域四个尺度，阐明生态系统服务的权衡特征、形成机制以及生态系统服务权衡关系变化对供需匹配的影响；最后，以生态系统服务流为纽带，整合生态系统服务权衡特征、协调途径与供需匹配关系，构建生态系统服务供需匹配方法，为促进多种生态系统服务供给与需求的匹配提供科学支撑。

实现多种生态系统服务的供需匹配是提高人类福祉的重要途径。大量研究表明：生态系统服务权衡特征增加了供需匹配的难度，但其协调途径又为促进供需匹配提供了可能。然而，在充分认识生态系统服务权衡特征与形成机制基础上，如何利用其协调途径提高多种生态系统服务供需匹配仍缺乏有效手段。本研究以生态系统服务供需失衡的海南中部山区小流域为对象，综合野外监测、评估模型、情景分析、定量权衡等方法，重点研究了生态系统服务供需关系与量化方法，生态系统服务权衡特征及驱动机制，不同情景下生态系统服务权衡关系变化特征，以及基于权衡特征的生态系统服务供需匹配。本项目较为系统的研究了生态系统结构对生态系统服务及权衡的影响机制，发现植物功能性状多样性是影响生态系统服务权衡关系的关键因素；揭示了生态系统服务权衡特征，建立了生态系统服务权衡协调方法研究.建立了生态系统服务供需匹配研究框架，提出整合生态系统服务权衡协调途径的供需匹配优化方法；成果深化了生态系统服务权衡机制认识，为协调生态系统服务权衡关系、提高流域生态系统服务供需匹配程度提供了科学方法。本项目发表论文25篇，其中SCI论文19篇。培养博士后3人，博士生1人，硕士生2人。