Glutamine metabolism plays an important role in tumorigenesis, but the underlying mechanism is not entirely clear. Alanine aminotransferase (GPT2) is located in mitochondria and catalyzes the reversible transamination of glutamate and alpha-ketoglutarate. Our previous study found that GPT2 overexpression reduced glutamine uptake and promoted α-ketoglutarate to glutamate; overexpression of GPT2 promoted breast cancer cell migration. Moreover, GPT2 expression is elevated in breast cancer, and its expression level is positively correlated with the pathological stage of breast cancer. Based on this finding, we propose that GPT2 overexpression activates related signaling pathway(s) by reducing glutamine levels in breast cancer cells, thereby promoting breast cancer metastasis. This project aims to: 1, determine the role of GPT2 in breast cancer metastasis; 2, determine GPT2 regulation of glutamine metabolism and its mechanism of regulating breast cancer metastasis; 3, explore the upstream signal regulating GPT2 expression in breast cancer cells. Through this study, we will clarify the regulation of GPT2 on glutamine metabolism and breast cancer metastasis, and to provide a new molecular marker for the prognosis of breast cancer and lay a foundation for clinical intervention.
谷氨酰胺代谢对肿瘤的发生发展具有重要的调控作用,但谷氨酰胺在肿瘤细胞中的代谢调控机制目前不是很清楚。谷丙转氨酶(GPT2)位于线粒体中,主要催化谷氨酸和α-酮戊二酸的可逆转氨基反应。我们的前期研究发现,GPT2过表达减少了谷氨酰胺的摄取,促进了α-酮戊二酸生成谷氨酸;过表达GPT2促进了乳腺癌细胞的迁移。而且,GPT2在乳腺癌中表达升高,其表达水平与乳腺癌的病理分期正相关。基于此,我们提出GPT2通过调控乳腺癌细胞内谷氨酰胺的代谢、激活细胞中相关信号通路,从而促进乳腺癌转移。本研究拟:1、明确GPT2增强乳腺癌转移的作用;2、探索GPT2对谷氨酰胺代谢的影响及其调控乳腺癌转移的机制;3、探明乳腺癌细胞中调控GPT2表达的上游信号。通过本研究我们将阐明GPT2对谷氨酰胺代谢及乳腺癌转移的调控作用,从而为乳腺癌预后判断提供一个新的分子标志物,并为临床干预打下基础。
在女性所患的肿瘤中,乳腺癌的发病率与死亡率居于前列。乳腺癌的转移是导致患者死亡的主要原因。谷丙转氨酶 2(glutamic-pyruvic transaminase,GPT2)是线粒体中的代谢酶,催化丙氨酸与α-酮戊二酸(α-KG)的可逆转胺反应,生成丙酮酸和谷氨酸,在谷氨酰胺代谢及三羧酸循环中发挥重要的作用。目前,对 GPT2 的研究主要围绕神经系统疾病,然而 GPT2 对肿瘤发生发展的影响还知之甚少。我们研究发现,GPT2 通过增加乳腺癌细胞中 γ-氨基丁酸(γ-aminobutyric acid,GABA)的含量增强细胞的迁移能力。在异种移植模型和转基因小鼠模型中,GPT2过表达通过激活GABA-A受体(而不是GABA-B受体)增加GABA含量并促进乳腺癌转移。GPT2基因敲除可减少基因GPT2 -/-乳腺癌小鼠的肺转移,延长肿瘤负担小鼠的总生存期。机制上,GPT2诱导的GABA-A受体激活通过打开其相关的钙通道增加Ca2+内流,细胞内钙激增触发PKC-CREB通路。活化的转录因子CREB通过上调转移相关基因的表达,如PLAT, PODXL和MMPs,加速乳腺癌的转移。这些观察结果表明,谷氨酰胺代谢促进乳腺癌转移,GTP2是乳腺癌治疗的潜在靶点。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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