新疆温带大陆性气候对火区的影响效应及风压调控方法的研究

Atmospheric pressure fluctuation is an important factor that affects the climate and gas emission in the fire area. However, the research results in this field are limited. This paper focuses on the influence mechanism of temperate continental climate on fire area in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, and the research of wind pressure regulation method. By using the methods of theoretical analysis, numerical calculation and experimental study, we regard the fire area in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region as the target region to study the influence mechanism of atmospheric pressure featuring periodic width and mutational undulation on multi-parameter of fire area, and explain the "breathing cycle" phenomenon in the fire area.We research the multi-physical field spatiotemporal characteristics of fire area with the action of wide-amplitude fluctuations of the atmospheric pressure, coal heating by oxygen consuming and indicator gas formation mechanism to reveal climate changes in the fire area. We study the unbalanced conditions and safety indexes of the secondary disaster in the fire area, to establish reliable and reasonable sampling methods and systematically put forward the dynamic analysis and forecasting methods of the danger in multi-field coupling fire areas, for a judgment about combustion state and development trend;We research the wind pressure imbalance and adjustability of the fire area, featuring multi-source and multi-sink, under the effect of atmospheric pressure variation, and put forward "multi-point wind pressure reverse balance adjustment method". All these efforts are made to dynamically adjust the wind pressure in the fire area, ensuring the fire area is under the relatively balanced condition.The research results have important guiding significance for correctly formulating disaster relief measures and improving the management level of the fire area.

大气压波动是影响火区的气候环境和气体涌出的重要因素之一，然而这方面的研究成果较少。本文以新疆温带大陆性气候对火区的影响机制及风压调控方法研究为主线，采用理论分析、数值计算和实验研究等方法，以新疆地区火区为靶区，多角度研究具有周期宽幅或突变波动特征的大气压对火区多参数的影响机制，并解释火区“呼吸循环”现象的成因；研究周期宽幅波动大气压作用下的火区多物理场时空特征，煤体耗氧升温和指标气体形成机制，揭示火区气候环境变迁；研究火区的二次灾害失衡条件和安全指标，构建可靠合理的采样方式，系统提出多场耦合火区的危险性动态分析与预测方法，研判火区燃烧状态及发展趋势；研究大气压变动影响效应下具有多源多汇特征火区的风压失衡性及可调性，针对井下火区提出“多点风压逆向平衡调节法”，及时动态调节火区风压，确保火区处于相对平衡状态。研究成果对于正确制定救灾措施或提高火区管理水平具有重要指导意义。

大气压波动是影响火区的气候环境和气体涌出的重要因素之一，以新疆地区火区为研究对象，利用傅里叶变换和Fisher调和分析等统计方法，研究了大气压周期性变化特征对火区区气体漏风量、涌出量的影响规律。研究结果表明大气压存在15.2d、1d和182.2d 3种周期，且可能性大于95%。波峰波谷转换时间主要集中在6h附近，大气压日变化曲线形态以双峰型为主。大气压变化速率大多集中在10~50 Pa/h，建立了大气压力随时间变化的数学和突变规律模型。分析了火区漏风与火区热浮力、大气压力耦合关系，找出了火区风压变化主要驱动因素，发现裂隙的气流方向（是入口还是出口，是“呼”还是“吸”）是由大气压差和热浮力大小决定的，从而解释了火区“呼吸循环”现象的成因。厘清了波动大气压作用下的火区多物理场时空特征，煤体耗氧升温和指标气体形成机制，对比分析了密闭、钻孔取样两种火区取样方式特点，得到两种取样方式在早晨或夜晚进行取样最准确，火区气体取样最常用的方式是密闭取样管取样。提出了多场耦合火区的危险性动态分析与预测方法，确定了火区燃烧状态的判断指标。该气体指标主要包括O2，CO2，CH4，CO等气体的浓度变化，得到了5条判断准则，并结合格雷哈姆系数ICO和碳的氧化物比率CO/CO2来综合判断火区燃烧状态。构造了一个以时间为横坐标、爆炸危险性为纵坐标的火区混合气体爆炸危险性连续分析方法，得到了调压区域两端压力变化与漏风量的动态定量关系及调压冗余度的允许范围公式。研发了风压自动调节系统，设计了自动调压系统匹配图，开发了自动调压系统控制软件，实现风机与风窗的自动控制与调节，能及时满足调压需要，确保防火效果。研究成果对于正确制定救灾措施或提高火区管理水平具有重要指导意义。