资源编排视角下管理创新的实施机理研究

A large number of companies suffered a failure of management innovation implementation in recent years. Therefore, how to successfully implement management innovation attracts attentions from many companies. Some existing studies investigated this question by using management innovation as a static construct, and analyzing the impact of its determinant resource elements. However, the different stages of management innovation exhibit different features, and therefore the implementation mechanism is unique. Moreover, it is the efficient use of resources, rather than the static possession of resources determines the success of implementation. In response to these gaps, the dynamic resource orchestration perspective is introduced to act as the theoretical lens. In the study, we will follow the research paradigm of "theoretical exploration and empirical test" - to explore emerging theories and propose corresponding hypotheses through exploratory case studies, and to test hypotheses through large sample survey; and be in accordance with the research scheme of "process exhibition - exploring 'impact factor' from the process - analyzing the impact of 'impact factor'" to study the implementation process of management innovation, the resource portfolio and resource orchestration in each stage of the implementation process, and the fit between resource portfolio, resource orchestration and management innovation implementation and to summarize the implementation mechanism of management innovation. This study is able to reveal the implementation mechanism of management innovation. Meanwhile, it is also helpful to develop the resource orchestration perspective, and provide a reference for companies to orchestrate resource according to the context features and thus to achieve the success of management innovation implementation.

近年来，许多企业都遭遇了管理创新实施的失败，如何成功地实施管理创新成为众多企业关注的焦点问题。已有研究将管理创新作为一个静态构念、通过研究资源要素及其影响解析其中的机理；但尚未考虑到管理创新的不同阶段具有不同特征，因此实施机理具有独特性；对资源的有效利用而非静态占有是实施成功的关键。针对上述问题，课题引入动态的资源编排视角，遵循"先理论探索后实证检验"的范式- - 通过探索性案例研究探索理论和提出研究假设、通过大样本统计分析对假设进行检验，按照"过程展现-从过程中挖掘'影响因素'-分析'影响因素'的作用"的思路，分别研究管理创新的实施过程、实施各阶段的资源要素组合和资源编排、以及资源要素组合和资源编排与管理创新实施的匹配关系，总结提炼管理创新的实施机理。这一研究在揭示管理创新实施机理的同时，还有助于资源编排视角的发展，能够为企业根据情境特征进行资源编排、成功地实施管理创新提供参考。

以电子商务为例，从企业和社会两个层面探讨了管理创新的实施机理。在企业层面上，近年来制造企业持续的去中介化，打造自己的电子商务平台以获取竞争优势，但互联网基因的缺失、以及电商和传统渠道的冲突严重阻碍了制造企业电商创新的实施。课题通过对海尔和苏泊尔等企业的案例研究，发现制造企业电商平台实施的成功，不仅需要单一要素的积累，同时还需要持续优化这些资源要素之间的结构，以打造相应的能力。课题研究实现了电子商务从“资源要素论”到“资源要素系统论”的发展。社会层面的研究通过对青岩刘、遂昌和巴楚等淘宝村的调研，揭示了落后的农村地区通过内外部资源相结合发展电子商务实现社会创新的模式和过程。这一主题的研究突破了已有数字化鸿沟研究中对落后国家和地区要依靠外部资源供给才能实现发展的单向引发假设，剖析了内外部资源与电子商务驱动的社会创新的互动模式。课题研究的实践价值在于为制造企业电商商务平台的构建和农村地区实施电子商务驱动的社会创新提供了理论参考和实践模板，同时也为政府制定响应的监管和扶植政策提供了参考。